Epigenetic Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression in Parasitic Protozoa.
Epigenetic Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression in Parasitic Protozoa.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.020
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发表时间：
2016-05-11
影响因子：
30.3
通讯作者：
Horn D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duraisingh MT;Horn D
原生动物寄生虫通过其生命周期定殖许多后生动物宿主和昆虫载体，需要快速和可逆地响应，同时遇到不同的，往往是敌对的生态位。为了成功，寄生虫还必须在个体内持续存在，直到实现宿主之间的传播。几种寄生原生动物在人类和牲畜中造成了巨大的疾病负担，在这里，我们关注引起疟疾和非洲锥虫病的寄生虫。努力了解这些病原体如何适应在不同的宿主环境中生存，引起疾病，并在宿主之间传播，揭示了丰富的表观遗传现象。表观遗传转换机制似乎非常适合于成功寄生的克隆抗原变异的调节。我们回顾了介导毒力基因表达的表观遗传调控的分子球员和复杂的机制层。了解表观遗传过程将有助于抗寄生虫疗法的发展。原生动物寄生虫在不同的环境中定殖许多宿主，必须严格控制基因表达以确保生存和传播。Duraisingh和Horn回顾了介导引起疟疾和昏睡病的寄生虫中克隆抗原变异和毒力基因表达的表观遗传调节的分子参与者和复杂的机制层。
Protozoan parasites colonize numerous metazoan hosts and insect vectors through their life cycles, with the need to respond quickly and reversibly while encountering diverse and often hostile ecological niches. To succeed, parasites must also persist within individuals until transmission between hosts is achieved. Several parasitic protozoa cause a huge burden of disease in humans and livestock, and here we focus on the parasites that cause malaria and African trypanosomiasis. Efforts to understand how these pathogens adapt to survive in varied host environments, cause disease, and transmit between hosts have revealed a wealth of epigenetic phenomena. Epigenetic switching mechanisms appear to be ideally suited for the regulation of clonal antigenic variation underlying successful parasitism. We review the molecular players and complex mechanistic layers that mediate the epigenetic regulation of virulence gene expression. Understanding epigenetic processes will aid the development of antiparasitic therapeutics. Protozoan parasites colonize numerous hosts with different environments and must tightly control gene expression to ensure survival and transmission. Duraisingh and Horn review the molecular players and complex mechanistic layers mediating the epigenetic regulation of clonal antigenic variation and virulence gene expression in the parasites causing malaria and sleeping sickness.
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