The semantic contribution of the past tense morpheme kaan in Palestinian counterfactuals
The semantic contribution of the past tense morpheme kaan in Palestinian counterfactuals
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过去时态语素 kaan 在巴勒斯坦反事实中的语义贡献
DOI：
10.5334/jpl.79
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
H. Zeijlstra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hadil Karawani;H. Zeijlstra
沿着Iatridou（2000）的思路进行推理，本文认为，通常用于表达语义过去时态的巴勒斯坦语词素kaan实际上表示非实际的真实性，即包括kaan声明它所适用的命题在一个不同的世界-时间对中为真，而不是在由实际世界和话语时间组成的对中为真。这意味着kaan既可以用作时态标记（表示过去时态），也可以用作语气标记（表示反事实性）。由于每个从句（祈使从句可能除外）都必须是时态的，这就意味着在没有任何其他时态标记的情况下，kaan必须接受时间解释;但是如果句子从其他一些小品词那里接受了时态解释，kaan就充当了语气标记。在本文的其余部分，这一建议的几个后果进行了讨论。
Reasoning along the lines of Iatridou (2000), we argue in this paper that the Palestinian morpheme kaan that is normally used to express semantic past tense actually denotes Non-Actual Veridicality, i.e. including kaan states that the proposition it applies to is true in a different world-time pair than the pair consisting of the actual world and the time of utterance. This means that kaan can be used both as a tense marker (expressing past tense) and as a mood marker (expressing counterfactuality). Given that every clause (with the possible exception of imperative clauses) must be tensed, this entails that kaan, in the absence of any other tense marker, must receive a temporal interpretation; but if the sentence receives its tense interpretation from some other particle, kaan acts as a mood marker. In the remainder of the paper, several consequences of this proposal are discussed.