Current status and future directions of fish vaccines employing virus-like particles
Current status and future directions of fish vaccines employing virus-like particles
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.060
复制
发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kim, Hong-Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeong, Ki-Ho;Kim, Hyoung Jin;Kim, Hong-Jin
在大多数养殖计划中，鱼类是在封闭的空间中养殖的，这大大增加了爆发的风险，传染病的爆发可能导致大量死亡和巨大的经济损失。注射疫苗是改善养鱼场基本结构的最有效和长远措施。由于抗体和抗原之间的关系类似于螺钉和螺母之间的关系，因此疫苗抗原与原始病原体的形状或性质的相似性对于用疫苗实现令人满意/良好/优异的抗体应答是重要的。病毒样颗粒（VLP）最能满足这一要求，因为它们的三级结构模拟了天然病毒的三级结构。因此，VLP作为人类和动物的下一代疫苗而受到关注，并且已经研究了各种类型的VLP疫苗对人类和牲畜的效果。最近对基于VLP的鱼类疫苗的研究表明，这些疫苗是有前途的，并提高了在不久的将来扩大其使用的希望。本文介绍了传染性胰腺坏死病毒（IPNV）、鲑鱼甲病毒（SAV）、神经坏死病毒（NNV）和虹彩病毒等鱼类病毒的VLPs疫苗的结构特征和免疫原性。NNV VLP疫苗是针对鱼类病毒研究最多的VLP疫苗。因此，目前的研究状况，NNV VLP强调在这方面的审查，其中涉及使用VLP作为疫苗的优势，和表达系统，生产他们。此外，需要冻干VLP和口服VLP交付进行了讨论。最后，在鱼疫苗领域的VLP疫苗的发展方向被认为是。
In most breeding schemes, fish are cultured in enclosed spaces, which greatly increases the risk of outbreaks where the onset of infectious diseases can cause massive mortality and enormous economic losses. Vaccination is the most effective and long-term measure for improving the basic make-up of a fish farm. As the relationship between antibody and antigen is similar to that between screw and nut, similarity in the shape or nature of the vaccine antigen to the original pathogen is important for achieving a satisfactory/good/excellent antibody response with a vaccine. Virus-like particles (VLPs) best fulfil this requirement as their tertiary structure mimics that of the native virus. For this reason, VLPs have been attracting attention as next-generation vaccines for humans and animals, and the effects of various types of VLP vaccines on humans and livestock have been examined. Recent studies of VLP-based fish vaccines indicate that these vaccines are promising, and raise hopes of extending their use in the near future. In this review, the structural properties and immunogenicity of VLP-based vaccines against fish viruses such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), salmonid alphavirus (SAV), nervous necrosis virus (NNV) and iridovirus are introduced/summarized. The NNV VLP vaccine is the most-studied VLP-based vaccine against fish viruses. Therefore, the current status of NNV VLP research is highlighted in this review, which deals with the advantages of using VLPs as vaccines, and the expression systems for producing them. Moreover, the need for lyophilized VLPs and oral VLP delivery is discussed. Finally, future directions for the development of VLP vaccines in the fish vaccine field are considered.