Impact of neighbourhood-scale climate characteristics on building heating demand and night ventilation cooling potential
Impact of neighbourhood-scale climate characteristics on building heating demand and night ventilation cooling potential
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DOI：
10.1016/j.renene.2019.11.148
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发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Xiaoxiong Xie;O. Sahin;Zhiwen Luo;R. Yao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoxiong Xie;O. Sahin;Zhiwen Luo;R. Yao
由于建筑物是温室气体排放的主要贡献者，因此评估现有建筑物的性能并通过建筑能源模拟协助设计新的可持续建筑非常重要。众所周知，使用当地气候测量进行建筑能源模拟将比使用其他典型天气数据（即典型气象年（TMY））提供更准确的结果。然而，由于不同的建筑形式/建筑布局也会对社区规模的小气候产生影响，因此值得量化其所产生的差异。在这项研究中，我们在2009年和2010年对校园建筑周围的四个气象站进行了为期一年的测量。每个气象站都以典型的建筑形式放置，包括街道峡谷、庭院、半封闭庭院和相对较大的开放区域。此外，还参考了典型气象年（TMY）和实际气象年（AMY）两个典型气象数据文件。年度供暖需求和自然通风制冷潜力是根据所有 6 个天气文件计算的。我们的模拟结果表明，不同建筑形式的年供热需求变化可能在1.1%至7.3%之间，其中大开放区域的供热需求最高，庭院的供暖需求最低。年热负荷现场测量与TMY相差高达10.8%。而夏季，庭院和半封闭形式的夜间通风降温潜力最高，街道峡谷的夜间通风降温潜力最低。使用 TMY 可能会低估夜间通风冷却潜力 26-31%，而使用 AMY 可能会高估夜间通风冷却潜力 9-14%。总体而言，庭院形式在减少采暖需求和增强夜间通风降温方面表现良好，而街道峡谷在这两方面表现相对较差。这些发现凸显了了解社区规模微气候对建筑能源性能影响的重要性。
As buildings are main contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, it is important to assess the performance of existing buildings and assist the design of new sustainable buildings through building energy simulation. It is well known that by using local climate measurements for building energy simulation would provide more accurate result than by using other typical weather data, i.e. typical meteorological year (TMY). However, as different built forms/architectural layouts would also have impacts on neighbourhood-scale microclimate, it is worthy to quantify the difference it would make. In this study, we performed a year-long measurement with four weather stations surrounding a campus building in 2009 and 2010. Each station was placed in a typical type of built form, including a street canyon, a courtyard, a semi-closed courtyard and a relatively larger open area. Besides, two typical weather data files, typical meteorological year (TMY) and actual meteorological year (AMY) were taken as reference. Annual heating demand and natural ventilation cooling potential were calculated based on all 6 weather files. Our simulation results show that the variation in annual heating demand of different built forms could be between 1.1 and 7.3%, where the large open area has the highest heating demand and it of the courtyard is the lowest. The difference between on-site measurement and TMY in annual heating load is as high as 10.8%. While in summer, night ventilation cooling potential of the courtyard and the semi-closed form are the highest, and it of the street canyon is the lowest. Using TMY could underestimate the night ventilation cooling potential by 26–31% and using AMY could overestimate it by 9–14% in total. Overall speaking, the courtyard form shows good performance in reducing heating demand and enhancing night ventilation cooling, while the street canyon shows relatively poor performance in both aspects. These findings highlight the importance to understand the impact of neighbourhood-scale microclimate on building energy performance.