PAID EMPLOYMENT AND WOMENS HEALTH - A BENEFIT OR A SOURCE OF ROLE STRAIN
PAID EMPLOYMENT AND WOMENS HEALTH - A BENEFIT OR A SOURCE OF ROLE STRAIN
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9566.ep10834014
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
DALE, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ARBER, S;GILBERT, GN;DALE, A
两个对比的理论之间的关系有薪就业和妇女的健康检查使用的数据从1975年和1976年综合住户调查。“作用积累”假说认为，有偿就业对健康有益，这一假说得到了无子女妇女和40岁以上有子女妇女的支持。然而，因果顺序尚不清楚，因为有证据表明，健康状况不佳会降低劳动力参与的可能性，特别是在40岁以上的妇女中。如果排除那些报告患有慢性疾病的人，家庭主妇与短期疾病之间的联系基本上消失了。相反的假设也得到了支持，即对于有孩子的已婚女性来说，承担多重角色的压力导致健康状况较差，但仅适用于40岁以下全职工作并有孩子的女性。这些妇女报告的患病率较高，尽管在专业和管理工作的妇女中这一点不太明显。得出的结论是，年轻母亲的全职工作可能对其健康有害，除非有足够的财政资源来帮助承担家庭主妇、母亲和雇员的多重角色，或者直到家庭中的性别分工发生变化。
Two contrasting theories of the relationship between paid employment and women's health are examined using data from the 1975 and 1976 General Household Survey. The ‘role accumulation’ hypothesis, which proposes that paid employment has beneficial effects on health, was supported for women without children, and for women over 40 with children. However, the causal ordering is unclear, for there is evidence that ill‐health reduces the likelihood of labour‐force participation especially among women over 40. When those reporting chronic illness are excluded, the association between being a housewife and short‐term illness largely disappears.The contrasting hypothesis, that for married women with children the strain of occupying multiple roles leads to poorer health, was also supported, but only for women under 40 who work full‐time and have children. These women reported higher levels of illness, although this was less clear among women working in professional and managerial jobs. It is concluded that full‐time work for young mothers may be detrimental for their health unless there are adquate financial resources to help with the burden of maintaining the multiple roles of housewife, mother and employee, or until the sexual division of labour in the home changes.