Biological samples taken from Native American Ancestors are human remains under NAGPRA
Biological samples taken from Native American Ancestors are human remains under NAGPRA
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从美洲原住民祖先采集的生物样本是 NAGPRA 下的人类遗骸
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24726
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Malhi, Ripan S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bader, Alyssa C.;Carbaugh, Aimée E.;Davis, Jenny L.;Krupa, Krystiana L.;Malhi, Ripan S.
在美国，《美洲原住民坟墓保护和归还法案》(NAGPRA) 为其职权范围内的美洲原住民祖先遗骸的处置提供了具体框架。然而，从这些祖先遗骸中取出的骨碎片、牙齿或其他生物组织等样本已被机构和研究人员视为独立于被取出的个体，并在未经美洲原住民社区协商、同意和合作的情况下用于古基因组学和其他考古学分析等破坏性研究；没有按照当前土著祖先的最佳做法得到照顾；并且不太可能被遣返回其社区。在此，我们证明，从 NAGPRA 涵盖的祖先身上取出的任何生物样本也必须根据立法中针对“人类遗骸”的规定进行处理。因此，我们并不是建议改变现有立法，而是建议改变针对美国和 NAGPRA 背景的最佳实践，涉及从美洲原住民祖先采集的生物样本的使用和护理。
In the United States, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) provides a specific framework for the disposition of Native American Ancestral remains within its purview. However, samples such as a bone fragment, tooth, or other biological tissue taken from the remains of these Ancestors have been treated by institutions and researchers as independent of the individual from whom they were removed and used in destructive research such as paleogenomic and other archaeometric analyses without consultation, consent, and collaboration from Native American communities; are not cared for in keeping with the current best practices for Indigenous Ancestors; and are not likely to be repatriated to their communities. Here, we demonstrate that any biological samples removed from Ancestors who are covered under NAGPRA must also be handled according to the stipulations defined for “human remains” within the legislation. As such, we are not proposing a change to existing legislation, but rather best practices, specific to the context of the United States and NAGPRA, relating to the use of and care for biological samples taken from Native American Ancestors.