Attitudes about sexual disclosure and perceptions of stigma and shame
Attitudes about sexual disclosure and perceptions of stigma and shame
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DOI：
10.1136/sti.78.5.334
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Ellen, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cunningham, SD;Tschann, J;Ellen, JM
目的：确定性传播疾病的耻感和羞耻感与青少年既往性传播疾病相关求医的关系；在向医生或护士披露性行为的污名化、羞耻感和认知之间；污名化、羞耻感和求医之间的联系是否会被对信息披露的认知所缓和。方法：对142名13-19岁性活跃的非裔美国青年进行调查，调查对象对性传播疾病相关的污名（alpha = 0.89）、性传播疾病相关的羞耻感（alpha = 0.90）以及对向医生或护士披露性行为的看法（alpha = 0.81）进行了调查。结果：在女性中，耻辱感与向医生或护士透露性行为的负面反应的预期增加有关(优势比(or) = 0.3 19；95%可信区间(0)=0.12 ~ 0.85)，而羞耻则没有。在过去一年中，耻辱感也与性病相关的求诊独立相关（OR = 0.296; 95% Cl = 0.09 ~ 0.94），而羞耻感则无关。污名和羞耻感与男性对信息披露或寻求治疗后的认知之间没有关联。暴露性行为的感知结果并没有缓和污名、羞耻感和后性病相关护理寻求的关联。结论：对性传播疾病的耻辱感可能会影响女性青少年对向卫生保健提供者披露其性行为的反应。这也可能是他们决定寻求性病相关治疗的一个重要因素。对向医生或护士披露性行为的认知不会改变污名或羞耻感与过去寻求性病相关护理的关系。
Objectives: To determine the association between stigma and shame about having a sexually transmitted disease and adolescents' past STD related care seeking; between stigma, shame, and perceptions about disclosure of sexual behaviours to a doctor or nurse; and whether the association of stigma, shame, and care seeking was moderated by perceptions about disclosure.Methods: A household sample of 142 sexually active African-American youths, 13-19 years old, was questioned about STD related stigma (alpha = 0.89), STD related shame (alpha = 0.90), and perceptions about disclosure of sexual behaviours to a doctor or nurse (alpha = 0.81).Results: Among females, stigma was associated with increased anticipation of negative reactions to disclosure of sexual behaviours to a doctor or nurse (odds ratio (OR) = 0.3 19; 95% confidence interval (0) =0.12 to 0.85) while shame was not. Stigma was also independently associated with STD related care seeking in the past year (OR = 0.296; 95% Cl = 0.09 to 0.94) while shame was not. There was no association between stigma and shame with perceptions about disclosure or post care seeking in males. Perceived outcomes of disclosing sexual behaviours did not moderate the association of stigma, shame, and post STD related care seeking.Conclusions: Stigma about STDs may influence how female adolescents perceive reactions to disclosure of their sexual behaviour to healthcare providers. It may also be an important factor in their decision seek to STD related care. Perceptions about disclosure of sexual behaviour to a doctor or nurse do not change the relation of stigma or shame to past STD related care seeking.