Compulsory viewing: Concentration camp film and German re-education
Compulsory viewing: Concentration camp film and German re-education
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DOI：
10.1177/03058298010300030601
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Carruthers, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carruthers, SL
《强制观看》探讨了大屠杀镜头在战后身份建构过程中的中心地位。在第11次世界大战结束后不久，英美占领当局建议德国人应该被迫观看新解放的营地的录像。这种对纳粹暴行的发自内心的对抗，意在激发德国人的“集体负罪感”：这是德国复兴为和平、自由政体的先决条件。但是，在讲述日耳曼人的罪恶感时，试图使用集中营的镜头，却遇到了多重困难。正如盟军的纪录片作者所发现的那样，不仅集中营被证明是对电影表现的抵制，而且德国观众似乎也不愿意接受电影如此有力地阐述的胜利者的道德观。纪录片工作者将这些镜头视为德国罪责的一面镜子，而许多德国观众则将强制曝光视为一个屏幕，战争的胜利者躲在屏幕后面，不承认自己的战时行为。这一令人担忧的遭遇恰当地提供了一个象征性的例子，说明大屠杀如何被用来建立野蛮和文明的关系身份。
'Compulsory Viewing' explores the centrality of Holocaust footage to postwar practises of identity-construction. In the immediate aftermath of World War 11, Anglo-American occupation authorities proposed that Germans should be compelled to view footage from the newly liberated camps. This visceral confrontation with Nazi atrocities was intended to animate a sense of 'collective guilt' among Germans: a prerequisite to Germany's regeneration as a pacific, liberal polity. But multiple complications confronted this attempt to emplot concentration camp footage in a narrative of Germanic guilt. As Allied documentarists found, not only did the camps prove resistant to cinematic representation but German audiences appeared disinclined to accept the victors' morality so forcibly enunciated by the films. Where the documentarists saw the footage as a mirror to German culpability, many German viewers regarded compulsory exposure as a screen behind which the war's victors sheltered from acknowledgment of their own wartime actions. This fraught encounter duly provides an emblematic example of the ways in which the Holocaust has been used to establish relational identities of barbarism and civility.