The Hydrology and Energy Balance of the Amazon Basin
The Hydrology and Energy Balance of the Amazon Basin
复制标题
亚马逊河流域的水文和能量平衡
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-49902-3_3
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
D. Silvério
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Coe;M. Macedo;P. Brando;P. Lefebvre;P. Panday;D. Silvério
亚马逊河流域是地球上最大和最密集的陆地降水中心。这个对流系统是由高净地面辐射，这是通过潜热和感热通量耗散驱动的。从长期来看（1年或更长时间），流域上的降水量通过蒸发到大气中的水通量和排放来平衡，多余的水返回海洋。这一周期的时间变异性主要受热带太平洋和北大西洋海面温度振荡的控制，而气候与森林结构和功能之间的协同作用控制着观测到的大部分空间变异性。实地观测和数值模型表明，大规模的森林砍伐减少了净表面辐射和蒸散，增加了显热通量，水产量，并在许多地方，特别是在亚马逊东南部的农业前沿流排放。未来，大气中温室气体的增加预计将增加亚马逊地区的温度，干旱频率和干旱强度，导致该流域能量和水循环的进一步变化。
The Amazon basin is the planet’s largest and most intense land-based centre of precipitation. This convective system is driven by high net surface radiation, which is dissipated via fluxes of latent heat and sensible heat. Over the long term (1 year or greater), incoming precipitation over the basin is balanced by evaporative fluxes of water to the atmosphere and discharge, which returns excess water to the oceans. The temporal variability of this cycle is largely controlled by oscillations of tropical Pacific and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, while synergies between climate and forest structure and functioning control much of the observed spatial variability. Field observations and numerical models indicate that large-scale deforestation has decreased net surface radiation and evapotranspiration, increasing sensible heat flux, water yield, and stream discharge in many locations, particularly in the agricultural frontier of southeastern Amazonia. In the future, increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases are expected to increase temperatures, drought frequency, and drought intensity in the Amazon, causing further changes to the cycling of energy and water in the basin.
巴西亚马逊森林砍伐：影响、驱动因素和挑战
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Ometto J
通讯作者：
Ometto J
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Aragao, Luiz Eduardo O. C.;Malhi, Yadvinder;Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir
通讯作者：
Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir