Runoff generation and routing on artificial slopes in a Mediterranean–continental environment: the Teruel coalfield, Spain
Runoff generation and routing on artificial slopes in a Mediterranean–continental environment: the Teruel coalfield, Spain
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.308
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发表时间：
2002-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
J. Nicolau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Nicolau
本研究的目的是确定径流产生和路由及其控制因素的机制，在山坡尺度上，在地中海大陆地区的地表采煤复垦的人工边坡。降雨量和径流在interrill和微集水区尺度上记录了一年的两个不同的底层斜坡：表土覆盖和覆盖层。径流系数和径流路由从interrill地区的微集水出口较高的覆盖底层比表土，更大的最发达的细沟网络。降雨量是覆盖层径流响应的主要参数，这表明该基层是非常不渗透的，至少在一年中的主要降雨期（春末和秋季），当土壤表面被密封。在这种情况下，大多数降雨输入转化为径流，无论其强度如何。人工降雨试验的结果，进行了3年和7年后播种，确认低渗透能力的覆盖层时，密封。水文响应表现出很大的季节性变化的覆盖层边坡根据土壤表面的变化，在一年中。降雨量和强度（I30，I60）解释径流在细沟尺度上的表土边坡，降雨实验表明，一个典型的Hortonian入渗曲线。然而，没有相关性，发现在微集水区的水平，可能是因为失去的功能，唯一的细沟生态演替进行。表层土壤坡面产流机制全年较为均匀。径流连通性，定义为记录在细沟网络规模的径流率之间的比率和记录在interrill面积规模在每一个降雨事件，也更大的rilled覆盖层边坡，并在最发达的细沟网络。覆盖层边坡的密集细沟网络保证了非常有效的径流排水，无论降雨量如何。细沟将细沟间密封区域的地表水排出，减少了未受淤积影响区域的再渗透机会。地表坡面产流和径流路径主要受草被和土壤含水量的控制，覆盖层坡面则主要受细沟网络密度和土壤含水量的控制。版权所有© 2002年约翰威利父子有限公司。
The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms of runoff generation and routing and their controlling factors at the hillslope scale, on artificial slopes derived from surface coal mining reclamation in a Mediterranean–continental area. Rainfall and runoff at interrill and microcatchment scales were recorded for a year on two slopes with different substrata: topsoil cover and overburden cover. Runoff coefficient and runoff routing from interrill areas to microcatchment outlets were higher in the overburden substratum than in topsoil, and greater in the most developed rill network. Rainfall volume is the major parameter responsible for runoff response on overburden, suggesting that this substratum is very impermeable—at least during the main rainfall periods of the year (late spring and autumn) when the soil surface is sealed. In such conditions, most rainfall input is converted into runoff, regardless of its intensity. Results from artificial rainfall experiments, conducted 3 and 7 years after seeding, confirm the low infiltration capacity of overburden when sealed. The hydrological response shows great seasonal variability on the overburden slope in accordance with soil surface changes over the year. Rainfall volume and intensities (I30, I60) explain runoff at the interrill scale on the topsoil slope, where rainfall experiments demonstrated a typical Hortonian infiltration curve. However, no correlation was found at the microcatchment level, probably because of the loss of functionality of the only rill as ecological succession proceeded. The runoff generation mechanism on the topsoil slope is more homogeneous throughout the year. Runoff connectivity, defined as the ratio between runoff rates recorded at the rill network scale and those recorded at the interrill area scale in every rainfall event, was also greater on the rilled overburden slope, and in the most developed rill network. The dense rill networks of the overburden slope guarantee very effective runoff drainage, regardless of rainfall magnitude. Rills drain overland flow from interrill‐sealed areas, reducing the opportunity of reinfiltration in areas not affected by siltation. Runoff generation and routing on topsoil slopes are controlled by grass cover and soil moisture content, whereas on overburden slopes rill network density and soil moisture content are the main controlling factors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.