The Use of Human Tissue
The Use of Human Tissue
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人体组织的使用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Gillett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Gillett
人体组织的使用引发了卫生保健专业人员、生物医学研究人员、伦理委员会、组织银行和政策制定者高度关注的伦理问题，因为知情同意和患者自主权得到了高度重视。一些备受瞩目的丑闻加剧了这场辩论，比如“婴儿心脏”事件，以及有关人类大脑被保存在世界各地神经病理实验室的爆料。然而，对患者权利的尊重似乎阻碍了当代卫生保健中临床知识的研究和发展。共同临床努力论据和有益使用推定论据表明，在有监督和选择不捐款规定的多元文化社区中，将组织用于当代卫生保健的研究和教学可以尊重患者及其价值观，这两者都应尊重不同种族或文化群体的不同观点。
The use of human tissue raises ethical issues of great concern to health care professionals, biomedical researchers, ethics committees, tissue banks and policy makers because of the heightened importance given to informed consent and patient autonomy. The debate has been intensified by high profile scandals such as the “baby hearts” debacle and revelations about the retention of human brains in neuropathology laboratories worldwide. Respect for patient’s rights seems, however, to impede research and development of clinical knowledge in contemporary health care. The Common clinical endeavour argument and a Presumption for beneficial use argument suggest that the use of tissues for research and teaching in contemporary health care can respect patients and their values in multicultural communities where there are provisions for oversight and for opting not to contribute, both of which should respect the diverse views of different ethnic or cultural groups.