Permeable Asphalt: A New Tool to Reduce Road Salt Contamination of Groundwater in Urban Areas
Permeable Asphalt: A New Tool to Reduce Road Salt Contamination of Groundwater in Urban Areas
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透水沥青：减少城市地区地下水道路盐污染的新工具
DOI：
10.1111/gwat.12454
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Lukas A. McNaboe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael E. Dietz;Derek R Angel;G. Robbins;Lukas A. McNaboe
在北方气候条件下，除冰导致的城市地区地下水氯化物污染是一种有据可查的现象。本研究的目的是评价透水性路面对退化城市地下水的影响。虽然低影响开发实践已被证明可以改善雨水水质，但没有发现渗透实践可以防止道路盐氯化物进入地下水。研究透水沥青中氯化物的少数研究涉及直接在沥青下取样;没有研究更广泛地研究周围的地下水条件。在康涅狄格大学（斯托尔斯，康涅狄格州）的一个860 m2的可渗透沥青停车场的斜向和下坡安装了监测威尔斯井。连续测量水位和电导率，并每两周对样品进行氯化物分析。还分析了样品的钠（Na）、钙（Ca）和镁（Mg）。方差分析表明，与梯度（1280 mg/L）相比，几何平均Cl浓度下降梯度（303.7 mg/L）显著（p < 0.001）较低。所有碱金属的浓度增加的admisdient和downgradient在冬季相比，nonwinter月份，表明阳离子交换可能发生。尽管频繁的高峰值氯化物在冬季以及碱金属的增加观察，监测显示较低的氯浓度downgradient比downgradient的大部分时间。这些结果表明，在受影响的城市环境中，高环境氯离子浓度的渗透性沥青的使用可以是有益的浅层地下水水质，虽然这些结果可能无法推广到低环境氯离子浓度的地区。
Chloride contamination of groundwater in urban areas due to deicing is a well‐documented phenomenon in northern climates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of permeable pavement on degraded urban groundwater. Although low impact development practices have been shown to improve stormwater quality, no infiltration practice has been found to prevent road salt chlorides from entering groundwater. The few studies that have investigated chlorides in permeable asphalt have involved sampling directly beneath the asphalt; no research has looked more broadly at surrounding groundwater conditions. Monitoring wells were installed upgradient and downgradient of an 860 m2 permeable asphalt parking lot at the University of Connecticut (Storrs, Connecticut). Water level and specific conductance were measured continuously, and biweekly samples were analyzed for chloride. Samples were also analyzed for sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). Analysis of variance analysis indicated a significantly (p < 0.001) lower geometric mean Cl concentration downgradient (303.7 mg/L) as compared to upgradient (1280 mg/L). Concentrations of all alkali metals increased upgradient and downgradient during the winter months as compared to nonwinter months, indicating that cation exchange likely occurred. Despite the frequent high peaks of chloride in the winter months as well as the increases in alkali metals observed, monitoring revealed lower Cl concentrations downgradient than upgradient for the majority of the year. These results suggest that the use of permeable asphalt in impacted urban environments with high ambient chloride concentrations can be beneficial to shallow groundwater quality, although these results may not be generalizable to areas with low ambient chloride concentrations.