Development of a cloud particle sensor for radiosonde sounding
Development of a cloud particle sensor for radiosonde sounding
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DOI：
10.5194/amt-9-5911-2016
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发表时间：
2016-12-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Shimizu, Atsushi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujiwara, Masatomo;Sugidachi, Takuji;Shimizu, Atsushi
一种气象气球载云传感器称为云粒子传感器（CPS）已经开发出来。CPS配备了一个类似于790 nm的二极管激光器和两个光电探测器，其中一个探测器前面有一个偏振板，用于计数每秒的粒子数并获得云相信息（即液体，冰或混合）。在实验室实验中，对粒径的检测下限进行了评估，结果与水滴直径2 μ m相似。对于目前的模式，输出电压往往饱和的水滴直径等于或大于类似80 μ m。直接测量的颗粒数浓度的上限类似于2 cm（-3）（2 x 10（3）L-1），其由仪器检测区域的体积确定。在具有高于该值的数浓度的云层中，在检测区域内发生粒子信号重叠和光的多重散射，导致计数损失，尽管使用粒子信号宽度数据可以进行部分校正。CPS目前与Meisei RS-06 G无线电探空仪或Meisei RS-11 G无线电探空仪连接，测量温度，相对湿度，高度，压力和水平风的垂直廓线。2012年至2015年期间，在中纬度和热带地区进行了25次试飞。本文详细讨论了四次飞行的结果。同时飞行的两个CPS与不同的仪器配置证实了该技术的鲁棒性。在一个中纬度站点，成功地获得了从低到高的包含水云、混合相云和冰云的剖面。在热带地区，在两次单独的飞行中成功地探测到对流层中上部的垂直厚云层和对流层上部的垂直薄卷云层。夜间、黄昏和黎明的数据质量比白天好得多，因为强烈的阳光会影响散射光的测量。
A meteorological balloon-borne cloud sensor called the cloud particle sensor (CPS) has been developed. The CPS is equipped with a diode laser at similar to 790 nm and two photodetectors, with a polarization plate in front of one of the detectors, to count the number of particles per second and to obtain the cloud-phase information (i.e. liquid, ice, or mixed). The lower detection limit for particle size was evaluated in laboratory experiments as similar to 2 mu m diameter for water droplets. For the current model the output voltage often saturates for water droplets with diameter equal to or greater than similar to 80 mu m. The upper limit of the directly measured particle number concentration is similar to 2 cm(-3) (2 x 10(3) L-1), which is determined by the volume of the detection area of the instrument. In a cloud layer with a number concentration higher than this value, particle signal overlap and multiple scattering of light occur within the detection area, resulting in a counting loss, though a partial correction may be possible using the particle signal width data. The CPS is currently interfaced with either a Meisei RS-06G radiosonde or a Meisei RS-11G radiosonde that measures vertical profiles of temperature, relative humidity, height, pressure, and horizontal winds. Twenty-five test flights have been made between 2012 and 2015 at midlatitude and tropical sites. In this paper, results from four flights are discussed in detail. A simultaneous flight of two CPSs with different instrumental configurations confirmed the robustness of the technique. At a midlatitude site, a profile containing, from low to high altitude, water clouds, mixed-phase clouds, and ice clouds was successfully obtained. In the tropics, vertically thick cloud layers in the middle to upper troposphere and vertically thin cirrus layers in the upper troposphere were successfully detected in two separate flights. The data quality is much better at night, dusk, and dawn than during the daytime because strong sunlight affects the measurements of scattered light.