Structured multilayered electrodes of proton/electron conducting polymer for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells assembled by spray coating
Structured multilayered electrodes of proton/electron conducting polymer for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells assembled by spray coating
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.06.087
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
André Wolz;S. Zils;M. Michel;C. Roth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
André Wolz;S. Zils;M. Michel;C. Roth
用于燃料电池的膜电极组件(MEAs)由电子导电载体材料、质子导电离聚体和贵金属纳米颗粒组成，以增强对H_2氧化和O_2还原的催化活性。需要对所有三相进行优化连接，以获得高贵金属利用率，从而获得良好的性能。使用聚苯胺(PANI)作为替代支撑材料，可以在催化层中取代常用的离聚体Nafion®。PANI具有同时导电电子和质子的优点，也可用作催化剂载体。介绍了PANI负载催化剂与单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)负载催化剂交替层叠的新技术。阴极侧使用多层PANI和SWCNT催化剂，而阳极侧由商用铂/炭黑催化剂和Nafion®组成，通过喷枪涂抹。阴极的质子导电性不使用额外的Nafion®离聚体。所谓的喷涂法可获得高达160 mWcm−2的高功率密度，阴极的铂负载量为0.06mgcm−2，铂利用率为2663mWmgPT−1。与PANI一样，单壁碳纳米管的载体具有纤维结构的优势，此外，它们还提供了高的电子导电性。将这一新技术与纤维状一维载体材料相结合，形成了一个多孔的三维电极网络，它可以增强气体在电极中的传输，同时也可以提高铂的利用率。喷涂法可以升级为在线工艺，而不限于批量生产。
Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for fuel cell applications consist of electron conductive support materials, proton conductive ionomer, and precious metal nanoparticles to enhance the catalytic activity towards H2oxidation and O2reduction. An optimized connection of all three phases is required to obtain a high noble metal utilization, and accordingly a good performance. Using polyaniline (PANI) as an alternative support material, the generally used ionomer Nafion®could be replaced in the catalyst layer. PANI has the advantage to be electron and proton conductive at the same time, and can be used as a catalyst support as well. In this study, a new technique building up alternating layers of PANI supported catalyst and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) supported catalyst is introduced. Multilayers of PANI and SWCNT catalysts are used on the cathode side, whereas the anode side is composed of commercial platinum/carbon black catalyst and Nafion®, applied by an airbrush. No additional Nafion®ionomer is used for proton conductivity of the cathode. The so called spray coating method results in high power densities up to 160mWcm−2with a Pt loading of 0.06mgcm−2at the cathode, yielding a Pt utilization of 2663mWmgPt−1. As well as PANI, supports of SWCNTs have the advantage to have a fibrous structure and additional, they provide high electron conductivity. The combination of the new technique and the fibrous 1-dimensional support materials leads to a porous 3-dimensional electrode network which could enhance the gas transport through the electrode as well as the Pt utilization. The spray coating method could be upgraded to an in-line process and is not restricted to batch production.