Activation of the Ano1 (TMEM16A) chloride channel by calcium is not mediated by calmodulin.

Activation of the Ano1 (TMEM16A) chloride channel by calcium is not mediated by calmodulin.
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钙对 Ano1 (TMEM16A) 氯离子通道的激活不是由钙调蛋白介导的。

DOI:
10.1085/jgp.201311047
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发表时间:
2014-02
期刊:
The Journal of general physiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hartzell HC
Hartzell HC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yu K;Zhu J;Qu Z;Cui YY;Hartzell HC

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钙介导的 TMEM16A 氯通道激活不依赖于磷酸化状态或钙结合蛋白钙调蛋白的变化。 Ca2+ 激活的 Cl 通道 anoctamin-1 (Ano1; Tmem16A) 发挥多种生理作用,包括上皮液分泌。 Ano1 通过细胞内 Ca2+ 的增加而被激活,但不确定 Ca2+ 是否直接与 Ano1 结合,或者是否需要磷酸化或额外的 Ca2+ 结合亚基,如钙调蛋白 (CaM)。在这里,我们证明 CaM 对于 Ca2+ 激活 Ano1 不是必需的,原因如下。 (a) 外源 CaM 对由内而外切除的斑块中的 Ano1 电流没有影响。 (b) CaM 的 Ca2+ 不敏感突变体的过表达对 Ano1 电流没有影响,但它们消除了小电导 Ca2+ 激活的 K+ (SK2) 通道介导的电流。 (c) Ano1 不与 CaM 共免疫沉淀,而 SK2 会。此外,在 Pull-down 测定中,Ano1 与 CaM 的结合非常弱。 (d) Ano1 在切除的斑块中被低浓度的 Ba2+ 激活,但不会激活 CaM。此外,我们得出结论,Ca2+ 电流激活不需要可逆磷酸化/去磷酸化,因为在没有 ATP 或其他高能化合物的情况下,电流可以在切除的斑块中重复激活。尽管 Ano1 被 CaM 抑制剂三氟拉嗪 (TFP) 阻断,但我们认为 TFP 以独立于 CaM 的方式抑制通道,因为当 TFP 应用于切除斑块的细胞质侧时,TFP 不会抑制 Ano1。这些实验使我们得出结论,Ca2+ 激活 Ano1 不需要 CaM。尽管 Ca2+ 打开通道不需要 CaM,但其他​​研究人员的工作表明 CaM 可能对调节通道的生物物理特性有影响。
Calcium-mediated activation of the TMEM16A chloride channel does not depend on changes in phosphorylation status or the calcium-binding protein calmodulin. The Ca2+-activated Cl channel anoctamin-1 (Ano1; Tmem16A) plays a variety of physiological roles, including epithelial fluid secretion. Ano1 is activated by increases in intracellular Ca2+, but there is uncertainty whether Ca2+ binds directly to Ano1 or whether phosphorylation or additional Ca2+-binding subunits like calmodulin (CaM) are required. Here we show that CaM is not necessary for activation of Ano1 by Ca2+ for the following reasons. (a) Exogenous CaM has no effect on Ano1 currents in inside-out excised patches. (b) Overexpression of Ca2+-insensitive mutants of CaM have no effect on Ano1 currents, whereas they eliminate the current mediated by the small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK2) channel. (c) Ano1 does not coimmunoprecipitate with CaM, whereas SK2 does. Furthermore, Ano1 binds very weakly to CaM in pull-down assays. (d) Ano1 is activated in excised patches by low concentrations of Ba2+, which does not activate CaM. In addition, we conclude that reversible phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is not required for current activation by Ca2+ because the current can be repeatedly activated in excised patches in the absence of ATP or other high-energy compounds. Although Ano1 is blocked by the CaM inhibitor trifluoperazine (TFP), we propose that TFP inhibits the channel in a CaM-independent manner because TFP does not inhibit Ano1 when applied to the cytoplasmic side of excised patches. These experiments lead us to conclude that CaM is not required for activation of Ano1 by Ca2+. Although CaM is not required for channel opening by Ca2+, work of other investigators suggests that CaM may have effects in modulating the biophysical properties of the channel.
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