Seasonal changes in the level and diel pattern of activity in the European lobster Homarus gammarus
Seasonal changes in the level and diel pattern of activity in the European lobster Homarus gammarus
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DOI：
10.3354/meps186255
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Jensen, AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, IP;Collins, KJ;Jensen, AC
欧洲龙虾是大型、可移动的甲壳类动物，具有生态和商业意义。直到最近，由于缺乏可靠的长期现场监测活动的技术，阻碍了对活动的季节变化及其决定因素的研究。电磁遥测技术已被用于测量英国南部普尔湾人工礁石上龙虾运动活动和身体运动的季节性变化。这两项活动都显示出明显的季节变化，主要与水温有关，夏末活动最大，冬季最小。同时指出了海水运动和海底光照的辅助效应。在整个春季和夏季，在庇护所外的短途旅行几乎都是在夜间进行的，活动在晚上的早些时候达到高峰。身体运动也遵循类似的模式，但没有那么突然的变化，这表明白天在庇护所里有一定程度的活动。龙虾的昼夜活动时间似乎主要受光照水平的外源影响，夜间活动期的长度和活动高峰的时间随日落和日出的时间而发生季节性变化，在浑浊度增加引起的海底光照水平较低的时期，龙虾的昼夜活动相对增加。在冬季中后期的低温期，整个24 h周期的活度都很低。这些发现表明，在龙虾种群评估中，需要考虑到捕捞努力量和捕捞死亡率之间的关系可能存在显著的季节性变化。
European lobsters are large, mobile crustaceans of ecological and commercial significance. Until recently, the lack of a reliable technique for long-term, in situ monitoring of activity has hindered study of seasonal variation in activity and its determinants. Electromagnetic telemetry has been used to measure seasonal changes in locomotor activity and body movements of lobsters on an artificial reef in Poole Bay, southern England. Both measures of activity showed marked seasonal variation, related primarily to water temperature, with greatest activity in late summer and minimum values in winter. Subsidiary effects of water movement and seabed illumination were also indicated. Throughout the spring and summer, excursions outside shelter were almost exclusively nocturnal, with movement peaking in the early part of the night. Body movements followed a similar pattern, but with less abrupt changes, suggesting a degree of activity within shelters during the day. Diel timing of lobster activity appeared to be mainly governed exogenously by light level, since the length of the nocturnal active period and the timing of the activity peak varied seasonally with the times of sunset and sunrise, and there was a relative increase in diurnal activity during periods of low seabed light levels caused by increased turbidity. During low temperatures in mid to late winter, activity was low throughout the 24 h cycle. These findings suggest that there are Likely to be significant seasonal changes in the relationship between fishing effort and fishing mortality that need to be taken into account in lobster stock assessment.