Rejected expectations: the scalar particles cai and jiu in Mandarin Chinese
Rejected expectations: the scalar particles cai and jiu in Mandarin Chinese
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被拒绝的期望：普通话中的标量粒子“才”和“九”
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Huei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huei
摘要：本文研究了汉语语气词“才”和“就”的四种用法：时间用法、限制用法、条件用法和强调用法。主要的主张是，小词的各种用法由于它们与抽象语义结构的共同联系而相互关联。这一分析不仅说明了“才”和“就”的不同用法在语义上的相似性，而且说明了“才”和“就”在不同的尺度上的作用导致了它们表面上不同的意义。本文认为，cai和jiu预设了命题真值状态的变化，并且这种变化发生在不同于预期发生的位置。对于cai，断言的变化值位于结构上比期望值“更高”的位置，而对于jiu，断言的变化值位于“更低”的位置。
Abstract This article investigates the four uses of the particles cai and jiu in Mandarin Chinese: the temporal, restrictive, conditional, and emphatic uses. The major claim is that the various uses of the particles are related by virtue of their common link to an abstract semantic structure. The analysis not only accounts for the semantic similarities of the different uses but also suggests that it is just the scales on which cai and jiu operate that result in the seemingly different meanings of the particles. It is argued that cai and jiu presuppose a change of state of the truth value of a proposition and that this change happens at a different point from where it is expected to happen. For cai, the asserted value of change is located “farther up” on the structure than the expected value, whereas for jiu, the asserted value of change is located “farther down.”