Tumor suppressor PTEN: modulator of cell signaling, growth, migration and apoptosis.
Tumor suppressor PTEN: modulator of cell signaling, growth, migration and apoptosis.
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发表时间：
2001-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kenneth M. Yamada;Masaru Araki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kenneth M. Yamada;Masaru Araki
PTEN（也称为MMAC-1或TEP-1）是人类癌症中最常突变的肿瘤抑制因子之一。它对胚胎发育也至关重要。PTEN主要作为脂质磷酸酶发挥作用，调节重要的信号转导途径;关键靶点是磷脂酰肌醇3，4，5-三磷酸。此外，它显示弱酪氨酸磷酸酶活性，这可能下调涉及粘着斑激酶（FAK）或Shc的信号通路。PTEN的水平在胚胎和成年生物中受到调节，基因靶向研究表明它在正常发育中起着至关重要的作用。已经确定了PTEN在许多正常细胞过程中的调节功能，包括生长、粘附、迁移、侵袭和凋亡。PTEN似乎在调节失巢凋亡（失去与细胞外基质的接触后的细胞凋亡）和细胞迁移中发挥特别重要的作用。基因靶向和瞬时表达研究提供了对调节这些过程的特定信号通路的深入了解。不同的信号转导网络的表征，以及调节的PTEN浓度，酶活性，并与其他磷酸酶的协调，应该提供有趣的新的见解正常和恶性细胞的生物学。
PTEN (also known as MMAC-1 or TEP-1) is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressors in human cancer. It is also essential for embryonic development. PTEN functions primarily as a lipid phosphatase to regulate crucial signal transduction pathways; a key target is phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. In addition, it displays weak tyrosine phosphatase activity, which may downmodulate signaling pathways that involve focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or Shc. Levels of PTEN are regulated in embryos and adult organisms, and gene-targeting studies demonstrate that it has a crucial role in normal development. Functions for PTEN have been identified in the regulation of many normal cell processes, including growth, adhesion, migration, invasion and apoptosis. PTEN appears to play particularly important roles in regulating anoikis (apoptosis of cells after loss of contact with extracellular matrix) and cell migration. Gene targeting and transient expression studies have provided insight into the specific signaling pathways that regulate these processes. Characterization of the diverse signaling networks modulated by PTEN, as well as the regulation of PTEN concentration, enzymatic activity, and coordination with other phosphatases, should provide intriguing new insight into the biology of normal and malignant cells.