The effect of soil nutrition, soil acidity and drought on northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) growth and nutrition on Pennsylvania sites with high and low red oak mortality
The effect of soil nutrition, soil acidity and drought on northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) growth and nutrition on Pennsylvania sites with high and low red oak mortality
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-1127(99)00307-2
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharpe, WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Demchik, MC;Sharpe, WE
北方红栎(Quercus rubra L.)不明原因死亡发生在宾夕法尼亚州西南部的劳雷尔山。我们试图确定这种死亡率的特征，并确定其与土壤酸度、土壤养分状况和干旱的关系。选择了北方红栎死亡率高、死亡率低的三个区块。随着土壤化学的变化，测定了水稻的断面积增量、末端伸长和叶质量。将断面积生长模式与历史上的干旱记录进行了比较。在死亡率高的地块上，活的和立着的枯树都对这些干旱中的大多数做出了反应。经过20世纪60年代两年的干旱，高死亡率地块上树木的断面积生长率没有恢复。此外，从历史上看，高死亡率地块上的直立枯树是一个不那么活跃的子集。在死亡之后，由于竞争对手的间伐，活着的树木没有增加生长的反应。同样的干旱过后，低死亡率地块的断面积增长确实恢复了，死亡率有限。此外，高死亡率小区的树木表现出叶片缺钾和低钙水平，而低死亡率小区的树木则没有。此外，高死亡率样地的A层和B层的土壤碱基水平较低，有效铝水平较高，钙铝比较低。这一研究结果表明，营养缺乏和相关的铝毒害可能是造成北方红栎应激的原因，并与该地区北方红栎的死亡和生长减慢有关。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Unexplained mortality of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) has occurred on the Laurel Hill in southwestern Pennsylvania. We attempted to characterize this mortality and determine its relationship to soil acidity, soil nutrient status and droughts. Three blocks with high and low mortality of northern red oak were selected. Basal area increment, terminal elongation and leaf mass were measured along with soil chemistry. Basal area growth patterns were compared to historic drought records. Both living and standing dead trees on high mortality plots had been responsive to most of these droughts. After 2 years of droughts in the 1960s, basal area growth rate of trees on high mortality plots did not recover. In addition, the standing dead trees on high mortality plots were historically a less vigorous subset. After this mortality, the living trees did not respond with increased growth due to thinning of competitors. Basal area growth on low mortality plots did recover after these same droughts and mortality was limited. In addition, the trees on the high mortality plots showed foliar deficiency of K and low levels of Ca while trees on the low mortality plots did not. Furthermore, the A- and B- horizons of the soils on the high mortality plots had lower levels of soil bases, higher levels of available Al and lower Ca/Al ratios. The results of this study suggest that nutrient deficiency and associated Al toxicity may be causing stress for northern red oaks and is related to the mortality and reduced growth of northern red oak in this region. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.