Design principles for Brownian molecular machines: how to swim in molasses and walk in a hurricane
Design principles for Brownian molecular machines: how to swim in molasses and walk in a hurricane
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DOI：
10.1039/b708995c
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Astumian, R. Dean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Astumian, R. Dean
蛋白质分子马达--在数百万年的进化过程中得到完善--在移动和组装生物结构中发挥着重要作用。最近，化学家已经能够合成分子，部分模仿这些生物分子马达的显着能力（广泛的评论见最近的论文：E。R. Kay，D. A. Leigh和F. Zerbetto，Angew.化学成分：国际版：2006，46，72 - 191; W. R.布朗和B。L. Feringa，Nat. Nanotechnol.，2006，1，25 - 35; M. N. Chatterjee，E. R. Kay和D. A. Leigh，J. Am.化学会，2006，128，4058 - 4073; G. S.科塔斯湖I.克拉克，D。Horinek和J. Michl，Chem. Rev.，2005，105，1281 - 1376; M. A. Garcia-Garibay，Proc. Natl. Acad.科学，联合S.一、2005，102，10771 - 10776））。像它们的生物对应物一样，这些合成机器中的许多机器在粘性力主导惯性的环境中发挥作用-要移动它们必须“在糖蜜中游泳”。此外，在马达与其环境之间可逆地交换的热噪声功率比由化学燃料提供的用于驱动定向运动的功率大许多数量级。有人可能会认为，朝着一个特定的方向前进就像在飓风中行走一样困难。然而，生物分子发动机（以及越来越多的合成发动机）几乎以确定性的精确度移动并完成其功能。在这方面，我们将研究在单分子水平上控制纳米系统的物理原理，以及这些原理如何在设计合成分子机器中发挥作用。
Protein molecular motors - perfected over the course of millions of years of evolution - play an essential role in moving and assembling biological structures. Recently chemists have been able to synthesize molecules that emulate in part the remarkable capabilities of these biomolecular motors ( for extensive reviews see the recent papers: E. R. Kay, D. A. Leigh and F. Zerbetto, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2006, 46, 72 - 191; W. R. Browne and B. L. Feringa, Nat. Nanotechnol., 2006, 1, 25 - 35; M. N. Chatterjee, E. R. Kay and D. A. Leigh, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128, 4058 - 4073; G. S. Kottas, L. I. Clarke, D. Horinek and J. Michl, Chem. Rev., 2005, 105, 1281 - 1376; M. A. Garcia-Garibay, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U. S. A., 2005, 102, 10771 - 10776)). Like their biological counterparts, many of these synthetic machines function in an environment where viscous forces dominate inertia - to move they must "swim in molasses''. Further, the thermal noise power exchanged reversibly between the motor and its environment is many orders of magnitude greater than the power provided by the chemical fuel to drive directed motion. One might think that moving in a specific direction would be as difficult as walking in a hurricane. Yet biomolecular motors ( and increasingly, synthetic motors) move and accomplish their function with almost deterministic precision. In this Perspective we will investigate the physical principles that govern nanoscale systems at the single molecule level and how these principles can be useful in designing synthetic molecular machines.