Within-host interference competition can prevent invasion of rare parasites.
Within-host interference competition can prevent invasion of rare parasites.
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宿主内干扰竞争可以防止稀有寄生虫的入侵。
DOI：
10.1017/s003118201700052x
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Quigley BJZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quigley BJZ
寄生虫物种或基因类型之间的竞争在新寄主种群中建立寄生虫方面发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们研究了一种机制，通过这种机制，如果一种常见的常驻寄生虫已经存在，一种罕见的寄生虫就不能在宿主群体中站稳脚跟(“优先效应”)。我们建立了一个简单的流行病学模型，并证明了如果共感染寄生虫的基因比简单的资源划分对彼此的传播抑制得更多，那么一个罕见的寄生虫基因就不能入侵。这是因为一种罕见的寄生虫更有可能存在于多重感染的宿主中，而不是普通的基因，因此更有可能付出减少传播的代价。竞争感染细菌的噬菌体干扰克隆的实验支持了模型预测，即克隆不能从罕见的地方相互入侵。我们简要讨论了这些结果对宿主-寄生虫生态学和(共同)进化的影响。
Competition between parasite species or genotypes can play an important role in the establishment of parasites in new host populations. Here, we investigate a mechanism by which a rare parasite is unable to establish itself in a host population if a common resident parasite is already present (a ‘priority effect’). We develop a simple epidemiological model and show that a rare parasite genotype is unable to invade if coinfecting parasite genotypes inhibit each other's transmission more than expected from simple resource partitioning. This is because a rare parasite is more likely to be in multiply-infected hosts than the common genotype, and hence more likely to pay the cost of reduced transmission. Experiments competing interfering clones of bacteriophage infecting a bacterium support the model prediction that the clones are unable to invade each other from rare. We briefly discuss the implications of these results for host-parasite ecology and (co)evolution.