Hsp70 chaperone blocks α-synuclein oligomer formation via a novel engagement mechanism.

Hsp70 chaperone blocks α-synuclein oligomer formation via a novel engagement mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100613
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发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
McConlogue L
McConlogue L
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tao J;Berthet A;Citron YR;Tsiolaki PL;Stanley R;Gestwicki JE;Agard DA;McConlogue L

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α-突触核蛋白(ASyn)的过度表达和聚集与帕金森病和相关突触核蛋白病的发病和病理学有关。在细胞和动物模型中,应激诱导的伴侣蛋白Hsp70水平升高可防止ASyn错误折叠和ASyn驱动的神经变性,但对这一重要保护途径的机制了解甚少。通常认为Hsp70使用其典型和混杂的底物结合裂缝结合ASyn以限制聚集。在这里,我们报告说,这种活动是由于一种新的和意想不到的模式的热休克蛋白70的行动,既不涉及ATP也不典型的底物结合裂缝。我们使用新的ASyn寡聚化测定来显示Hsp70直接阻断ASyn寡聚化,这是ASyn错误折叠的早期事件。使用截短,突变和抑制剂,我们证实,热休克蛋白70通过一个尚未确定的,非典型的相互作用位点的C-末端结构域与ASyn相互作用。最后,我们报告了一个类似的行动模式在H4神经胶质瘤细胞的生物学作用。总之,这些发现表明,需要新的化学方法来靶向突触核蛋白病中的Hsp70-ASyn相互作用。这些方法可能比靶向Hsp70的典型作用更特异。此外,这些结果提出了一个问题,即其他错误折叠的蛋白质是否也可能通过相同的非经典机制参与Hsp70。
Overexpression and aggregation of α-synuclein (ASyn) are linked to the onset and pathology of Parkinson’s disease and related synucleinopathies. Elevated levels of the stress-induced chaperone Hsp70 protect against ASyn misfolding and ASyn-driven neurodegeneration in cell and animal models, yet there is minimal mechanistic understanding of this important protective pathway. It is generally assumed that Hsp70 binds to ASyn using its canonical and promiscuous substrate-binding cleft to limit aggregation. Here we report that this activity is due to a novel and unexpected mode of Hsp70 action, involving neither ATP nor the typical substrate-binding cleft. We use novel ASyn oligomerization assays to show that Hsp70 directly blocks ASyn oligomerization, an early event in ASyn misfolding. Using truncations, mutations, and inhibitors, we confirm that Hsp70 interacts with ASyn via an as yet unidentified, noncanonical interaction site in the C-terminal domain. Finally, we report a biological role for a similar mode of action in H4 neuroglioma cells. Together, these findings suggest that new chemical approaches will be required to target the Hsp70-ASyn interaction in synucleinopathies. Such approaches are likely to be more specific than targeting Hsp70’s canonical action. Additionally, these results raise the question of whether other misfolded proteins might also engage Hsp70 via the same noncanonical mechanism.
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