Chorionic gonadotrophin beta subunit mRNA but not luteinising hormone beta subunit mRNA is expressed in the pituitary of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
Chorionic gonadotrophin beta subunit mRNA but not luteinising hormone beta subunit mRNA is expressed in the pituitary of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
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绒毛膜促性腺激素 β 亚基 mRNA 在普通狨猴 (Callithrix jacchus) 的垂体中表达，但不表达黄体生成素 β 亚基 mRNA。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
J. Gromoll
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Müller;M. Simoni;E. Pekel;C. Luetjens;R. Chandolia;F. Amato;R. Norman;J. Gromoll
垂体促性腺激素黄体生成素和卵泡刺激素负责调节睾丸和卵巢的配子发生。绒毛膜促性腺激素(CG)是第三种密切相关的糖蛋白激素，由LHbeta基因复制而来，由灵长类动物的胎盘分泌，对挽救黄体和维持妊娠是必不可少的。我们最近发现绒猴(M)CGbeta mRNA在普通绒猴(Callithrix Jacchus)的脑垂体中高表达，而在激活缺少外显子10的人促黄体生成素受体方面，黄体生成素不如人CG那么活跃。为了进一步研究哪种促性腺激素是自然缺乏外显子10的绒猴黄体生成素受体(LHR)的实际配体，我们鉴定并表征了mLHbeta基因及其表达的基因组组织。对mLHbeta和mCGbeta基因的基因间扩增结果显示，mCGbeta位于LHbeta基因上游20kbp处，而在其他物种中，基因间的距离约为2-3kbp。序列分析表明，mLHbeta编码区在氨基酸水平上与mCGbeta的同源性为70%，与人LHbeta的同源性为90%。两个促性腺激素β亚基都存在于基因组水平，但用mCGbeta和mLHbeta的特异性寡核苷酸RT-PCR检测脑垂体和胎盘总RNA，mCGbeta和mLHbeta在两个组织中都有高表达，而LHbeta在脑垂体和胎盘中都没有表达。因此，绒猴脑垂体中缺少mLHbeta基因。绒猴脑垂体的免疫组织化学显示，MCG仅定位于促性腺激素细胞，部分共定位于FSH阳性细胞。Western印迹分析证实脑垂体中存在MCG。以mCGbeta为探针的Northern印迹分析显示，在脑垂体中有一个0.7kb的转录本，在绒猴胎盘中检测到两个1.1kb和2kb的转录本。我们的结果表明，在普通的绒猴中，CG是唯一存在于脑垂体中的具有黄体生成功能的促性腺激素。我们推测，由于进化中的一个未知突变事件，MLH的表达完全被取消，而CG--与LH不同，即使在外显子10从LHR中缺失时也能正常发挥作用--接管了它的功能。
The pituitary gonadotrophins LH and FSH are responsible for regulation of gametogenesis in the testis and ovary. Chorionic gonadotrophin (CG), a third closely related glycoprotein hormone derived by gene duplication of the LHbeta gene and secreted by the placenta in primates, is essential for the rescue of the corpus luteum and maintenance of pregnancy. We have recently shown that marmoset (m) CGbeta mRNA is highly expressed in the pituitary of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and that LH is less active than human CG in activating the human LH receptor lacking exon 10. To investigate further which gonadotrophin is the actual ligand of the LH receptor (LHR) of the marmoset monkey that naturally lacks exon 10, we identified and characterised the genomic organisation of the mLHbeta gene and its expression. Intergenic PCR amplification of the region encompassing the mLHbeta and the mCGbeta genes revealed that, surprisingly, mCGbeta is located 20 kbp upstream of the LHbeta gene, whereas in other species the intergenic distance is approximately 2-3 kbp. Sequence analysis of the mLHbeta coding region showed 70% identity to mCGbeta and 90% identity to human LHbeta at the amino acid level. Both gonadotrophin beta subunits are present at the genomic level, but RT-PCR of pituitary and placental total RNA using specific oligonucleotides for mCGbeta and mLHbeta showed high expression of mCGbeta mRNA in both tissues, whereas LHbeta was expressed neither in the pituitary nor in the placenta. Thus mLHbeta mRNA is lacking in the marmoset pituitary. Immunohistochemistry of marmoset pituitaries showed that mCG was confined to the gonadotrophes, and partly co-localised in cells stained positively for FSH. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of mCG in the pituitary. Northern blot analysis using mCGbeta as a probe displayed one transcript of 0.7 kb in the pituitary and detected two transcripts of 1.1 kb and 2 kb in the marmoset placenta. Our results suggest that, in the common marmoset, CG is the only gonadotrophin with luteinising function that is present in the pituitary. We postulate that, owing to an unknown mutational event in evolution, expression of mLH was completely abolished, and CG - which, unlike LH, acts normally even when exon 10 is missing from the LHR - took over its function.
单个基因编码马黄体生成素和绒毛膜促性腺激素的β亚基。
DOI：
10.1210/mend.6.6.1379674
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sherman,GB;Wolfe,MW;Farmerie,TA;Clay,CM;Threadgill,DS;Sharp,DC;Nilson,JH
通讯作者：
Nilson,JH
DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9258(17)42573-7
发表时间：
1984-12
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Jameson;W. W. Chin-W.;Anthony N. Hollenberg;A. S. Chang;J. Habener
通讯作者：
L. Jameson;W. W. Chin-W.;Anthony N. Hollenberg;A. S. Chang;J. Habener
人垂体绒毛膜促性腺激素的分离和表征。
DOI：
10.1210/endo.137.4.8625917
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
Endocrinology.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Birken,S;Maydelman,Y;Gawinowicz,MA;Pound,A;Liu,Y;Hartree,AS
通讯作者：
Hartree,AS