Sustaining the Clinical and Translational Research Workforce: Training and Empowering the Next Generation of Investigators
Sustaining the Clinical and Translational Research Workforce: Training and Empowering the Next Generation of Investigators
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DOI：
10.1097/acm.0000000000000758
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Toto, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin, Helen L.;Gabrilove, Janice;Toto, Robert
越来越多的人担心，临床科学家是一个正在消失的物种，临床和转化研究（CTR）研究人员的管道处于危险之中。对于目前大多数的初级CTR研究人员，职业道路首先涉及获得美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的K型职业发展奖，特别是K08和K23，然后是NIH R01。这种过渡通常被称为K2R，是成功率低和资金缺口的主要障碍。在这一观点中，作者确定了促进K2R过渡的因素以及增加和维持CTR调查人员管道的重要方面。它们还强调了妇女和在生物医学研究中代表性不足的妇女在成功率方面的显著差异。早期的职业生涯暴露于研究方法，保护时间，多学科的指导，和机构文化的转变是培养和奖励团队科学的重要。指导是K2R成功的唯一最重要的贡献者，新的证据表明，正式的导师培训和团队指导是有效的。领导力培训可以使初级调查员成为独立的CTR调查员。未来的研究应侧重于描述实现这一转变的基本因素和补充因素之间的差异，以及促进成功的指导方法，包括促进女性K2R转变的方法和生物医学研究中代表性不足的方法。临床和转化科学奖国家联盟有能力测试现有的模型，旨在缩短时间框架，提高K2R转换率，并确定提高成功率的策略。
There is mounting concern that clinician-scientists are a vanishing species and that the pipeline for clinical and translational research (CTR) investigators is in jeopardy. For the majority of current junior CTR investigators, the career path involves first obtaining a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded K-type career development award, particularly K08 and K23, and subsequently an NIH R01. This transition, popularly referred to as K2R, is a major hurdle with a low success rate and gaps in funding. In this Perspective, the authors identify factors that facilitate K2R transition and important aspects of increasing and sustaining the pipeline of CTR investigators. They also highlight significant differences in success rates of women and those underrepresented in biomedical research. Early career exposure to research methodology, protected time, multidisciplinary mentoring, and institutional culture shift are important for fostering and rewarding team science. Mentoring is the single most important contributor to K2R success, and emerging evidence suggests that formal mentor training and team mentoring are effective. Leadership training can empower junior investigators to thrive as independent CTR investigators. Future research should focus on delineating the difference between essential and supplemental factors to achieve this transition, and mentoring methods that foster success, including those that promote K2R transition of women and those underrepresented in biomedical research. The Clinical and Translational Science Awards National Consortium is well positioned to test existing models aimed at shortening the time frame, increasing the rate of K2R transition, and identifying strategies that improve success.