Estimating treatment effects for time-to-treatment antibiotic stewardship in sepsis.

Estimating treatment effects for time-to-treatment antibiotic stewardship in sepsis.
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估计败血症的时间处理抗生素管理的治疗效果。

DOI:
10.1038/s42256-023-00638-0
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发表时间:
2023-04
影响因子:
23.8
通讯作者:
Zhang, Ping
Zhang, Ping
中科院分区:
计算机科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Ruoqi;Hunold, Katherine M.;Caterino, Jeffrey M.;Zhang, Ping

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败血症是一种危及生命的疾病,住院死亡率很高。抗生素给药的时机是脓毒症管理的关键问题。现有研究抗生素时机的工作要么忽略了观察数据的时间性,要么忽略了治疗效果的异质性。在这里,我们提出了一种新的方法(称为T4),以估计治疗效果的时间到治疗抗生素管理败血症。T4通过反复编码时间变量和静态变量作为潜在混杂因素,然后解码不同治疗顺序下的结果,来估计个体治疗效果。我们提出模仿随机对照试验过程的小批量平衡匹配来调整混杂。该模型通过全局级的注意机制和变量级的重要性检验来实现可解释性。同时,我们为T4配备了不确定性量化,以防止过度自信的建议。我们证明T4可以在两个真实世界的数据集上识别抗生素管理的有效治疗时间和估计的个体治疗效果。此外,在合成数据集上的综合实验表明,与最先进的模型相比,T4在估计个体治疗效果方面表现出色。
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with a high in-hospital mortality rate. The timing of antibiotic administration poses a critical problem for sepsis management. Existing work studying antibiotic timing either ignores the temporality of the observational data or the heterogeneity of the treatment effects. Here we propose a novel method (called T4) to estimate treatment effects for time-to-treatment antibiotic stewardship in sepsis. T4 estimates individual treatment effects by recurrently encoding temporal and static variables as potential confounders, and then decoding the outcomes under different treatment sequences. We propose mini-batch balancing matching that mimics the randomized controlled trial process to adjust the confounding. The model achieves interpretability through a global-level attention mechanism and a variable-level importance examination. Meanwhile, we equip T4 with an uncertainty quantification to help prevent overconfident recommendations. We demonstrate that T4 can identify effective treatment timing with estimated individual treatment effects for antibiotic stewardship on two real-world datasets. Moreover, comprehensive experiments on a synthetic dataset exhibit the outstanding performance of T4 compared with the state-of-the-art models on estimation of individual treatment effect.
幸存的败血症运动:严重败血症和化粪池冲击管理的国际指南,2012年。
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