Telomere loss in relation to age and early environment in long-lived birds
Telomere loss in relation to age and early environment in long-lived birds
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2004.2768
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发表时间：
2004-08-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Monaghan, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, ME;Nasir, L;Monaghan, P
端粒（覆盖真核染色体的特定核苷酸重复序列）的缩短被认为在细胞和生物体衰老中发挥着重要作用。我们研究了两种长寿海鸟——欧洲鸬鹚和漂泊信天翁的端粒动态。在这两个物种的雏鸡阶段和成年期之间，血细胞中的端粒长度都会下降。然而，在成年人中，端粒长度与年龄无关。这与其他脊椎动物生命早期发生的大多数端粒丢失的报道是一致的。因此，在估计端粒每年丢失率时必须谨慎，因为端粒丢失率可能不随年龄变化而保持不变。我们还使用从雏鸟和成鸟个体身上采集的重复样本来测量野外个体的变化。我们发现端粒丢失程度存在很大的个体差异，其中大部分是由生长过程中的环境解释的。相对于其体型来说，组织质量较高的个体表现出更大的端粒缩短。与此无关，晚出生的个体表现出更多的端粒损失。早期状况，可能通过其对氧化应激的影响，似乎在端粒磨损中发挥着重要作用，因此可能对个体的长寿发挥着重要作用。
Shortening of telomeres, specific nucleotide repeats that cap eukaryotic chromosomes, is thought to play an important role in cellular and organismal senescence. We examined telomere dynamics in two long-lived seabirds, the European shag and the wandering albatross. Telomere length in blood cells declines between the chick stage and adulthood in both species. However, among adults, telomere length is not related to age. This is consistent with reports of most telomere loss occurring early in life in other vertebrates. Thus, caution must be used in estimating annual rates of telomere loss, as these are probably not constant with age. We also measured changes within individuals in the wild, using repeat samples taken from individual shags as chicks and adults. We found high inter-individual variation in the magnitude of telomere loss, much of which was explained by circumstances during growth. Individuals laying down high tissue mass for their size showed greater telomere shortening. Independently of this, individuals born late in the season showed more telomere loss. Early conditions, possibly through their effects on oxidative stress, appear to play an important role in telomere attrition and thus potentially in the longevity of individuals.