Pelagic vs Coastal-Key Drivers of Pollutant Levels in Barents Sea Polar Bears with Contrasted Space-Use Strategies.
Pelagic vs Coastal-Key Drivers of Pollutant Levels in Barents Sea Polar Bears with Contrasted Space-Use Strategies.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.9b04626
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
P. Blévin;J. Aars;Magnus Andersen;Marie-Anne Blanchet;L. Hanssen;D. Herzke;R. Jeffreys;E. Nordøy;Marianna Pinzone;Camille de la Vega;H. Routti
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文献类型：
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作者：
P. Blévin;J. Aars;Magnus Andersen;Marie-Anne Blanchet;L. Hanssen;D. Herzke;R. Jeffreys;E. Nordøy;Marianna Pinzone;Camille de la Vega;H. Routti
在巴伦支海，远洋和沿海北极熊正面临各种生态挑战，这可能解释了它们污染水平的差异。我们测量了多氯联苯，有机氯农药，脂肪中的多溴联苯醚，血浆中的全氟烷基物质在远洋和沿海成年雌性北极熊具有类似的身体状况。我们研究了北极熊的食性与散装稳定同位素的碳和氮的比例。利用氨基酸氮同位素研究了它们的营养地位。我们研究了能量消耗估计现场代谢率使用遥测数据。每年的家庭范围大小进行了测定，污染物的空间梯度进行了探索，使用纬度和经度质心位置的北极熊。格陵兰海和白色海-巴伦支海的格陵兰海豹体内的污染物水平被测量，作为北极熊猎物体内污染物西-东梯度的代表。我们发现，远洋熊比沿海熊有更高的污染物负荷，因为（1）他们以更高比例的海洋和更高营养级的猎物为食，（2）他们有更高的能量需求和更高的猎物消耗，（3）他们在边缘冰区觅食，（4）他们以靠近污染物排放源/运输途径的猎物为食。
In the Barents Sea, pelagic and coastal polar bears are facing various ecological challenges that may explain the difference in their pollutant levels. We measured polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fat, and perfluoroalkyl substances in plasma in pelagic and coastal adult female polar bears with similar body condition. We studied polar bear feeding habits with bulk stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen. Nitrogen isotopes of amino acids were used to investigate their trophic position. We studied energy expenditure by estimating field metabolic rate using telemetry data. Annual home range size was determined, and spatial gradients in pollutants were explored using latitude and longitude centroid positions of polar bears. Pollutant levels were measured in harp seals from the Greenland Sea and White Sea-Barents Sea as a proxy for a West-East gradient of pollutants in polar bear prey. We showed that pelagic bears had higher pollutant loads than coastal bears because (1) they feed on a higher proportion of marine and higher trophic level prey, (2) they have higher energy requirements and higher prey consumption, (3) they forage in the marginal ice zones, and (4) they feed on prey located closer to pollutant emission sources/transport pathways.