The OligoceneEquisetumfrom Qaidam Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau in China and its implications
The OligoceneEquisetumfrom Qaidam Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau in China and its implications
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DOI：
10.1080/08912963.2020.1830280
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发表时间：
2020-10-12
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Yan, De-Fei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Hong-Yu;Yang, Tao;Yan, De-Fei
木贼属（Equisetum）是木贼目（Equisetaceae）木贼目（Equisetales）的一种植物，其茎节明显，具纵脊或纵沟，分布广泛。柴达木盆地西北部上干柴沟组的化石，根据其具节茎、纵脊和分支痕的轮纹等特征，将其归属为木贼属（Equisetum）。该标本是在青藏高原北方首次发现的木贼属化石，也是柴达木盆地渐新世木贼属化石的首次记录。这一新发现丰富了木贼属植物古多样性的认识，表明青藏高原北方曾存在楔生植物。根据青藏高原及其周边地区的化石记录，木贼属植物在古近纪可以在高纬度地区生存，新近纪以来只能在低纬度地区生长，这可能是中新世以来北方高原构造变形和气候变化的结果。现有化石及共生化石表明，柴达木盆地西北部渐新世存在着丰富的水系和温带落叶阔叶林。
Equisetum (Equisetaceae, Equisetales) is widely distributed around the world and distinguished by obviously jointed stems with longitudinal ridges or furrows. Recently, fossil materials collected from the Shangganchaigou Formation of northwestern Qaidam Basin, China, are assigned toEquisetumbased on the presence of jointed stems, longitudinal ridges, and whorls of branch scars. The current specimens are the first discovery ofEquisetumin northern Tibetan Plateau and also represent the first fossil record of the genus from Oligocene in Qaidam Basin. The new discovery enriches the knowledge of the paleo-diversity of theEquisetumand indicates that the sphenophytes once existed in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Based on the fossil records in and around the Tibetan Plateau,Equisetumcould survive at a higher latitude during the Palaeogene and they could only grow in lower latitude since the Neogene, which might be the result of the tectonic deformation and climatic changes in the northern plateau since the Miocene. The current fossil, together with co-existed fossils, indicate that there have been rich drainages and temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest with grass in northwestern Qaidam Basin during the Oligocene.