Comparative models for human nasal infections and immunity
Comparative models for human nasal infections and immunity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2018.11.022
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Salinas, Irene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casadei, Elisa;Salinas, Irene
人的嗅觉系统是一个粘膜表面，是呼吸道和嗜神经性病原体进入体内的主要门户。了解人鼻咽相关淋巴组织（NALT）如何阻止病原体进入下呼吸道或中枢神经系统是开发有效治疗方法的关键。尽管传统上小鼠已被用作研究人类鼻部疾病的金标准模型，但由于人类和小鼠嗅觉系统和NALT的主要解剖学和功能差异，小鼠模型存在重要的警告。我们总结了NALT解剖迄今已被用于研究宿主-病原体相互作用在嗅粘膜和测试鼻疫苗的不同动物群体。本综述的目的是突出鼻免疫的每种动物模型的优势和局限性，并确定需要进一步调查以促进人类健康的研究领域。
The human olfactory system is a mucosal surface and a major portal of entry for respiratory and neurotropic pathogens into the body. Understanding how the human nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) halts the progression of pathogens into the lower respiratory tract or the central nervous system is key for developing effective cures. Although traditionally mice have been used as the gold-standard model for the study of human nasal diseases, mouse models present important caveats due to major anatomical and functional differences of the human and murine olfactory system and NALT. We summarize the NALT anatomy of different animal groups that have thus far been used to study host-pathogen interactions at the olfactory mucosa and to test nasal vaccines. The goal of this review is to highlight the strengths and limitations of each animal model of nasal immunity and to identify the areas of research that require further investigation to advance human health.