Nipah Virus Transmission from Bats to Humans Associated with Drinking Traditional Liquor Made from Date Palm Sap, Bangladesh, 2011-2014
Nipah Virus Transmission from Bats to Humans Associated with Drinking Traditional Liquor Made from Date Palm Sap, Bangladesh, 2011-2014
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DOI：
10.3201/eid2204.151747
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Gurley, Emily S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Islam, M. Saiful;Sazzad, Hossain M. S.;Gurley, Emily S.
尼帕病毒 (NiV) 是一种副粘病毒，翼龙属 (Pteropus spp)。蝙蝠是天然宿主。 2010年12月至2014年3月，孟加拉国医院脑炎监测发现了18起NiV感染群。 2个地区3个聚集性病例的感染源不明。一个由流行病学家和人类学家组成的小组调查了这 3 个聚集性病例群，其中包括 14 名患者，其中 8 人死亡。在 14 名病例中，有 8 人在患病前定期饮用发酵枣椰树汁 (tari)，6 人为 NiV 感染者提供护理。用于生产塔里的枣椰树的制备过程与收集新鲜食用的枣椰树汁液的过程类似。据报道，在用来制作塔里的罐子里发现了蝙蝠的排泄物。这些发现表明饮用塔里酒是新型冠状病毒传播的潜在途径。阻止蝙蝠接触海枣汁液的干预措施可能会预防与塔里相关的 NiV 感染。
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus, and Pteropus spp. bats are the natural reservoir. From December 2010 through March 2014, hospital-based encephalitis surveillance in Bangladesh identified 18 clusters of NiV infection. The source of infection for case-patients in 3 clusters in 2 districts was unknown. A team of epidemiologists and anthropologists investigated these 3 clusters comprising 14 case-patients, 8 of whom died. Among the 14 case-patients, 8 drank fermented date palm sap (tari) regularly before their illness, and 6 provided care to a person infected with NiV. The process of preparing date palm trees for tari production was similar to the process of collecting date palm sap for fresh consumption. Bat excreta was reportedly found inside pots used to make tari. These findings suggest that drinking tari is a potential pathway of NiV transmission. Interventions that prevent bat access to date palm sap might prevent tari-associated NiV infection.