RECONSTRUCTING THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE ARTIODACTYL RIBONUCLEASE SUPERFAMILY
RECONSTRUCTING THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE ARTIODACTYL RIBONUCLEASE SUPERFAMILY
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DOI：
10.1038/374057a0
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发表时间：
1995-03-02
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
BENNER, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JERMANN, TM;OPITZ, JG;BENNER, SA
来自古代生物的蛋白质序列可以通过一个程序从其后代的序列中重建出来，该程序假设后代蛋白质是通过最小数量的独立进化事件（“简约”）从灭绝的祖先中产生的（1，2）。然后可以在实验室中制备并研究重建序列（3，4）。十三种古老的核糖核酸酶（RNase）已被重建为偶蹄动物（哺乳动物目，包括猪，骆驼，鹿，绵羊和牛）RNase蛋白家族进化的中间产物（5）。重建蛋白质的特性表明，简约产生合理的古代序列。回到过去，行为上的一个显著变化，即对双链RNA的催化活性增加了五倍，出现在为生活在大约4000万年前的偶蹄动物谱系的创始祖先重建的RNA酶中（6）。这对应于反刍动物消化在偶蹄动物中出现的时期，表明当代偶蹄动物消化RNA酶来自非消化祖先，并说明进化重建如何有助于理解蛋白质家族内的生理功能（7-9）。
THE sequences of proteins from ancient organisms can be reconstructed from the sequences of their descendants by a procedure that assumes that the descendant proteins arose from the extinct ancestor by the smallest number of independent evolutionary events ('parsimony')(1,2). Tbe reconstructed sequences can then be prepared in the laboratory and studied(3,4). Thirteen ancient ribonucleases (RNases) have been reconstructed as intermediates in the evolution of the RNase protein family in artiodactyls (the mammal order that includes pig, camel, deer, sheep and ox)(5). The properties of the reconstructed proteins suggest that parsimony yields plausible ancient sequences. Going back in time, a significant change in behaviour, namely a fivefold increase in catalytic activity against double-stranded RNA, appears in the RNase reconstructed for the founding ancestor of the artiodactyl lineage, which lived about 40 million years ago(6). This corresponds to the period when ruminant digestion arose in the artiodactyls, suggests that contemporary artiodactyl digestive RNases arose from a non-digestive ancestor, and illustrates how evolutionary reconstructions can help in tbe understanding of physiological function within a protein family(7-9).