Experimental strategies for microRNA target identification.
Experimental strategies for microRNA target identification.
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DOI：
10.1093/nar/gkr330
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Goodall GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thomson DW;Bracken CP;Goodall GJ
microRNAs（miRNAs）是真核生物基因表达的重要调控因子。它们通过将RNAi诱导的沉默复合物（RISC）引导至靶mRNA中的部分互补序列来发挥作用，从而通过翻译抑制和mRNA衰减的组合来抑制基因表达。动物体内普遍接受的miRNA靶向机制涉及称为“种子区”的miRNA的5′端与mRNA的3′非翻译区（3′-UTR）之间的相互作用。许多靶标预测算法都是基于这样的模型，尽管越来越多的证据表明，靶向也可以通过3 '-UTR以外的位点介导，并且种子区碱基配对并不总是必需的。因此，这种计算机数据的能力和有效性可能受到用于表示靶向相互作用的简化规则的阻碍。实验对于鉴定真正的miRNA靶点至关重要，然而存在许多实验模式，需要了解它们的局限性。本文对现有的miRNA靶点鉴定技术进行了总结和评述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of eukaryotic gene expression in most biological processes. They act by guiding the RNAi-induced silencing complex (RISC) to partially complementary sequences in target mRNAs to suppress gene expression by a combination of translation inhibition and mRNA decay. The commonly accepted mechanism of miRNA targeting in animals involves an interaction between the 5′-end of the miRNA called the ‘seed region’ and the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the mRNA. Many target prediction algorithms are based around such a model, though increasing evidence demonstrates that targeting can also be mediated through sites other than the 3′-UTR and that seed region base pairing is not always required. The power and validity of such in silico data can be therefore hindered by the simplified rules used to represent targeting interactions. Experimentation is essential to identify genuine miRNA targets, however many experimental modalities exist and their limitations need to be understood. This review summarizes and critiques the existing experimental techniques for miRNA target identification.
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