Blood-feeding patterns of Anopheles mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic area of Bangladesh
Blood-feeding patterns of Anopheles mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic area of Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-3305-5-39
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发表时间：
2012-02-15
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Howlader, Abdul Jabber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bashar, Kabirul;Tuno, Nobuko;Howlader, Abdul Jabber
背景：蚊子的食血模式对于确定疟疾病媒至关重要。然而，关于孟加拉国按蚊宿主喜好的信息很少。因此，本研究的目的是确定孟加拉疟疾流行地区按蚊的嗜血倾向。方法：在疟疾传播高峰期(8-9月)，采用灯光诱捕器(LTS)、除虫菊酯喷雾(PS)和人诱饵(HB)从孟加拉国班达班库马里(Kumari)采集成虫。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR法)鉴定按蚊宿主血粉。结果：共采集雌性按蚊2456只，分属21种。迷走型按蚊为优势种(35.71%)，其次为按蚊。Philippinens Ludlow(26.67%)和An.小球藻(Minus S.L.)西奥瓦尔德(5.78%)。室内采集1094种，室外采集19种(784种)，PS采集6种(549种)，HB采集4种(29种)。按蚊的种类组成在三种收集方法的每一种可能的组合之间都有显著差异(X(2)检验，P<；0.001)。从17种1318份按蚊血样中检出宿主血粉，检出率为53.66%。室内和室外采集的按蚊的人体血液指数(HBI)分别为6.96%和11.73%。HbI值最高的是An。白麦白麦(80%)，其次是An。小球藻(Minus S.L.)(43.64%)和An.环状Van den Wulp(37.50%)。白脉按蚊(B-I=0.63)和白纹伊蚊An.小球藻(Minus S.L.)(B-I=0.24)在所有宿主(人、牛、山羊/绵羊等)中对人类表现出强烈的相对偏好(B-I)。环状按蚊Anopheles Cirularis，An.斑点藻属(Maculatus S.L.)Theobald和An.苍白球表现出机会主义的觅血行为，因为它们要么以人为食，要么以动物为食，这取决于可以接触到的哪一个。其余12种以牛为寄主。结论：按蚊具有较强的嗜人性。白麦、An.Minus s.l和An.圆环菌揭示，这些物种是孟加拉国丘陵地区重要的疟疾媒介。室外栖息蚊子的HBI值较高，表明仅靠室内采集不足以评估该地区的疟疾传播情况。
Background: Blood-feeding patterns of mosquitoes are crucial for incriminating malaria vectors. However, little information is available on the host preferences of Anopheles mosquitoes in Bangladesh. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the hematophagic tendencies of the anophelines inhabiting a malaria-endemic area of Bangladesh.Methods: Adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using light traps (LTs), pyrethrum spray (PS), and human bait (HB) from a malaria-endemic village (Kumari, Bandarban, Bangladesh) during the peak months of malaria transmission (August-September). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to identify the host blood meals of Anopheles mosquitoes.Results: In total, 2456 female anopheline mosquitoes representing 21 species were collected from the study area. Anopheles vagus Doenitz (35.71%) was the dominant species followed by An. philippinensis Ludlow (26.67%) and An. minimus s.l. Theobald (5.78%). All species were collected by LTs set indoors (n = 1094), 19 species were from outdoors (n = 784), whereas, six by PS (n = 549) and four species by HB (n = 29). Anopheline species composition significantly differed between every possible combination of the three collection methods (chi(2) test, P < 0.001). Host blood meals were successfully detected from 1318 (53.66%) Anopheles samples belonging to 17 species. Values of the human blood index (HBI) of anophelines collected from indoors and outdoors were 6.96% and 11.73%, respectively. The highest values of HBI were found in An. baimai Baimaii (80%), followed by An. minimus s.l. (43.64%) and An. annularis Van den Wulp (37.50%). Anopheles baimai (B-i = 0.63) and An. minimus s.l. (B-i = 0.24) showed strong relative preferences (B-i) for humans among all hosts (human, bovine, goats/sheep, and others). Anopheles annularis, An. maculatus s.l. Theobald, and An. pallidus Theobald exhibited opportunistic blood-feeding behavior, in that they fed on either humans or animals, depending on whichever was accessible. The remaining 12 species preferred bovines as hosts.Conclusions: The observed high anthropophilic nature of An. baimai, An. minimus s.l., and An. annularis revealed these species to be important malaria vectors in hilly areas of Bangladesh. Higher values of HBI in outdoor-resting mosquitoes indicated that indoor collection alone is not adequate for evaluating malaria transmission in the area.