Ecosyndemics: The potential synergistic health impacts of highways and dams in the Amazon.
Ecosyndemics: The potential synergistic health impacts of highways and dams in the Amazon.
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生态综合症：亚马逊地区高速公路和水坝对健康的潜在协同影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113037
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lee,GwenythO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tallman,PaulaSkye;Riley-Powell,AmyR;Schwarz,Lara;Salmón-Mulanovich,Gabriela;Southgate,Todd;Pace,Cynthia;Valdés-Velásquez,Armando;Hartinger,StellaM;Paz-Soldán,ValerieA;Lee,GwenythO
生态综合征是指通常由人类引起的环境变化导致的疾病相互作用。在本文中，我们推动奖学金的生态syndemics进入新的领域，通过使用的生态syndemic框架比较两个案例研究-南部的跨洋高速公路在秘鲁和贝洛蒙特水电站大坝在巴西评估的可能性，社会环境因素的相互作用，并导致健康状况不佳的syndemic时尚。评估这两个案例研究使用的生态流行病学的角度来看，我们发现，在热带森林大坝和高速公路的建设创造了条件，增加病媒传播的疾病，性工作和性传播感染激增，并增加心理压力造成的暴力，犯罪和社会凝聚力的侵蚀。我们认为，这些过程可以相互作用，协同增加个人的免疫负担和人口的整体发病率。然而，我们发现，在跨洋公路和贝洛蒙特大坝对食品，水和文化系统的影响的差异，并观察到，社区和企业一级的行动可能会加强在面对快速的社会生态变化的健康。将案例研究放在一起看，脆弱性和复原力，风险和机会的复杂情况使这些发展项目导致的生态综合相互作用的直接预测复杂化，但突出了生态综合概念在为健康影响评估和未来研究提供信息方面可以发挥的作用。最后，我们提出了一个概念模型的心理压力，病媒传播的疾病和性传播感染之间的潜在相互作用，并建议未来的调查这些因素之间的协同作用从生物，社会和生态科学。
Ecosyndemics refer to disease interactions that result from environmental changes commonly caused by humans. In this paper, we push scholarship on ecosyndemics into new territory by using the ecosyndemic framework to compare two case studies—the Southern Interoceanic highway in Peru and the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam in Brazil—to assess the likelihood of socio-environmental factors interacting and leading to ill health in a syndemic fashion. Assessing these two case studies using an ecosyndemic perspective, we find that the construction of dams and highways in tropical forests create the conditions for increases in vector-borne illnesses, surges in sex work and sexually-transmitted infections, and increased psychological stress resulting from violence, delinquency, and the erosion of social cohesion. We suggest that these processes could interact synergistically to increase an individual's immune burden and a population's overall morbidity. However, we find differences in the impacts of the Interoceanic highway and the Belo Monte dam on food, water, and cultural systems, and observed that community and corporate-level actions may bolster health in the face of rapid socio-ecological change. Looking at the case studies together, a complex picture of vulnerability and resilience, risk and opportunity, complicates straight-forward predictions of ecosyndemic interactions resulting from these development projects but highlights the role that the ecosyndemic concept can play in informing health impact assessments and future research. We conclude by proposing a conceptual model of the potential interactions between psychological stress, vector-borne illnesses, and sexaully-transmitted infections and suggest that future investigations of synergistic interactions among these factors draw from the biological, social, and ecological sciences.