Methods of purification of CTL-derived exosomes.
Methods of purification of CTL-derived exosomes.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-1158-5_7
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Angela Montecalvo;A. Larregina;A. Morelli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Angela Montecalvo;A. Larregina;A. Morelli
外来体是由大多数（如果不是全部）活细胞并且特别是由白细胞释放的膜纳米囊泡（尺寸约<120 nm）。它们通过内吞体膜的内陷而起源于内吞区室内。因此，它们与从质膜脱落的微泡（> 0.2 μ m）具有不同的生物起源和分子组成。虽然外来体在体内的功能开始被阐明，但越来越多的证据表明，外来体构成细胞间通讯的机制，在细胞之间转移抗原、蛋白质、mRNA和非编码RNA。有趣的是，包括细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）在内的效应T细胞通过其细胞毒性颗粒中含有的外泌体释放TNF超家族的死亡诱导分子。本章提供了纯化CTL分泌的外泌体的基本方案。
Exosomes are membrane nanovesicles (approximately <120 nm in size) released by most, if not all, living cells and in particular by leukocytes. They originate within the endocytic compartment by invagination of the endosome membrane. Therefore, they have a different biogenesis and molecular composition than microvesicles (>0.2 μm) shed from the plasma membrane. Although the functions of exosomes in vivo are beginning to be elucidated, increasing evidence suggests that exosomes constitute a mechanism of cell-to-cell communication, transferring antigens, proteins, mRNAs, and noncoding RNAs among cells. Interestingly, effector T cells including cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) release death-inducing molecules of the TNF superfamily through exosomes contained in their cytotoxic granules. The present chapter provides basic protocols for purification of exosomes secreted by CTLs.