Unique tRNA gene profile suggests paucity of nucleotide modifications in anticodons of a deep-sea symbiotic Spiroplasma.

Unique tRNA gene profile suggests paucity of nucleotide modifications in anticodons of a deep-sea symbiotic Spiroplasma.
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独特的 tRNA 基因谱表明深海共生螺原体的反密码子中缺乏核苷酸修饰。

DOI:
10.1093/nar/gky045
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发表时间:
2018-03-16
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Danchin A
Danchin A
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Y;Zhu FC;He LS;Danchin A

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tRNA的34位总是被修饰,以有效识别密码子并通过翻译机制准确整合氨基酸。在这里,我们报告了深海肠道共生螺原体的基因组学特征,这表明该生物体不需要tRNA(34)反密码子修饰。在基因组中,有一组新的tRNA基因,由32个物种组成,用于识别20种氨基酸。在tRNA的反密码子中,我们目睹了解码NNR(A/G)2:2密码子所需的含U34和C34的tRNA的存在,作为反密码子修饰基因可能丢失的对策。在肠道转录组中检测到的tRNA片段中,预期由一些tRNA修饰引起的错配在与相应基因的比对中未显示。然而,可能缺乏修改的反密码子并没有从根本上改变螺原体的密码子使用模式。在其他共生体和深海细菌中没有观察到可能由于缺乏tRNA(34)修饰而产生的tRNA基因谱,表明这种现象是进化的死胡同。该研究为深海极端环境下翻译机和tRNA基因的协同进化以及密码子-反密码子相互作用的空间限制提供了新的见解。
The position 34 of a tRNA is always modified for efficient recognition of codons and accurate integration of amino acids by the translation machinery. Here, we report genomics features of a deep-sea gut symbiotic Spiroplasma, which suggests that the organism does not require tRNA(34) anticodon modifications. In the genome, there is a novel set of tRNA genes composed of 32 species for recognition of the 20 amino acids. Among the anticodons of the tRNAs, we witnessed the presence of both U34- and C34-containing tRNAs required to decode NNR (A/G) 2:2 codons as countermeasure of probable loss of anticodon modification genes. In the tRNA fragments detected in the gut transcriptome, mismatches expected to be caused by some tRNA modifications were not shown in their alignments with the corresponding genes. However, the probable paucity of modified anticodons did not fundamentally change the codon usage pattern of the Spiroplasma. The tRNA gene profile that probably resulted from the paucity of tRNA(34) modifications was not observed in other symbionts and deep-sea bacteria, indicating that this phenomenon was an evolutionary dead-end. This study provides insights on co-evolution of translation machine and tRNA genes and steric constraints of codon-anticodon interactions in deep-sea extreme environment.
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