Khat (Catha edulis) consumption causes genotoxic effects in humans
Khat (Catha edulis) consumption causes genotoxic effects in humans
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DOI：
10.1002/ijc.1195
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Knasmüller, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kassie, F;Darroudi, F;Knasmüller, S
我们使用微核（MN）测试来确定卡塔叶（一种广泛食用的精神兴奋剂植物）对定期咀嚼这种药物的志愿者的脱落细胞造成的遗传损伤。在第一项研究中，我们比较了20个阿拉伯茶消费者（10 - 160克/天）和10个对照组的颊粘膜和膀胱粘膜细胞中的MN频率，在阿拉伯茶消费者中发现颊粘膜微核细胞显著增加（8倍）;阿拉伯茶消费没有导致膀胱粘膜微核细胞的可检测升高。在大量咀嚼阿拉伯茶的人中，81%的MN具有着丝粒信号，表明阿拉伯茶是非整倍体发生的。为了调查同时消费烟草和酒精饮料的影响，我们比较了25个阿拉伯茶消费者口腔细胞中的MN频率（20 - 85克/天）吸烟者（15 - 60/天）和饮用酒精饮料（15 - 80 g纯乙醇/天）与对照组（对照组I）的25个个体在年龄、体重、烟草和酒精消耗方面相匹配，以及另一个对照组的25个个体（对照组II）不消耗任何药物。颊粘膜细胞MN的频率在对照组I中高于组II，并且发现卡塔叶、烟草和酒精的作用是相加的。阿卡塔诱导MN的时间动力学研究表明，MN的最高频率是在消费后第四周观察。鉴于大量证据表明遗传损伤与癌症之间存在密切联系，这些结果表明，阿拉伯茶消费，特别是伴随着酒精和烟草消费，可能是口腔恶性肿瘤的一个潜在原因。(C)2001 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
We used the micronucleus (MN) test to determine the genetic damage caused by khat, a widely consumed psychostimulant plant, in exfoliated cells of volunteers who chewed the drug on a regular basis. In the first study in which we compared the frequency of MN in buccal and bladder mucosa cells in 20 khat consumers (10-160 g/day) and 10 controls, a pronounced (8-fold) increase in micronucleated buccal mucosa cells was seen among khat consumers; khat consumption did not lead to a detectable elevation of micronucleated bladder mucosa cells. Among heavy khat chewers, 81 % of the MN had a centromere signal indicating that khat is aneuploidogenic. To investigate the effect of simultaneous consumption of tobacco and alcoholic beverages, we compared the MN frequency in buccal cells of 25 khat consumers (20-85 g/day) who smoked cigarettes (15-60/day) and drank alcoholic beverages (15-80 g of pure ethanol/day) with a control group (control group I) of 25 individuals matched for age, body weight, tobacco and alcohol consumption and with another control group of 25 individuals (control group II) not consuming any of the drugs. The frequency of buccal mucosa cells with MN was higher in control group I than in group II and the effect of khat, tobacco and alcohol was found to be additive. A time-kinetics study on khat-induced MN showed that the highest frequency of MN was observed during the fourth week after consumption. In light of the large body of evidence on the close association between genetic damage and cancer, these results suggest that khat consumption, especially when accompanied by alcohol and tobacco consumption, might be a potential cause of oral malignancy. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.