Food and activity preferences in children of lean and obese parents
Food and activity preferences in children of lean and obese parents
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0801661
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Plomin, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wardle, J;Guthrie, C;Plomin, R
背景：父母肥胖的孩子比父母瘦的孩子患成人肥胖症的风险要高得多。收养和双胞胎研究表明，这种风险在很大程度上是遗传的，但遗传风险的近端机制尚不清楚。对肥胖和瘦削父母的孩子的能量摄入或消耗进行比较，得出的结果好坏参半，但通常是负面的。另一种假设是，肥胖风险的早期表达是通过食物和活动偏好，这为后来的体重增加提供了基础。因此，这项研究的目的是比较来自肥胖和瘦家庭的大样本幼儿的食物和活动偏好，将父母肥胖作为肥胖风险表型的标志。因为父母肥胖的家庭的孩子还没有超重，所以在两类家庭中观察到的差异更多的是肥胖的原因而不是影响。方法：从双胞胎家庭的总体样本中抽取428名父母肥胖/超重或正常体重/瘦的4-5岁儿童。食物和活动偏好是通过食物摄入量和味觉任务的组合以及母亲在家访期间填写的问卷来评估的。FINDINGS：在品尝测试中，肥胖/超重家庭的孩子更喜欢油腻的食物，对蔬菜的喜好较低，而且饮食风格更“暴饮暴食”。他们也更喜欢久坐不动的活动，花更多的时间在久坐的消遣上。在进食速度或报告的高脂肪食物摄入频率方面没有差异。结论：肥胖的遗传风险传递给下一代的过程可能是通过饮食和活动偏好的差异，这将使易感人群在当今工业化国家允许的营养环境中处于正能量平衡的风险中。
BACKGROUND: Children of obese parents have a substantially higher risk of adult obesity than children of lean parents. Adoption and twin studies have shown that this risk is largely genetic but the proximal mechanisms of the genetic risk are not known. Comparisons of energy intake or expenditure in children of obese and lean parents have produced mixed, but generally negative results. An alternative hypothesis is that the early expression of obesity risk is through food and activity preferences, which provides a basis for later weight gain. The aim of this study was therefore to compare food and activity preferences in a large sample of young children from obese and lean families using parental obesity as a marker of the obesity-risk phenotype. Because the children from the families with obese parents were not yet overweight, differences observed in the two types of families are more likely to be causes than effects of obesity.METHODS: A total of 428 children aged 4-5y, whose parents were either obese/overweight or normal-weight/lean were selected from a population sample of families with twin births. Food and activity preferences were assessed with a combination of food intake and taste tasks, and questionnaires completed by the mother during a home visit.FINDINGS: Children from the obese/overweight families had a higher preference for fatty foods in a taste test, a lower liking for vegetables, and a more 'overeating-type' eating style. They also had a stronger preference for sedentary activities, and spent more time in sedentary pastimes. There were no differences in speed of eating or reported frequency of intake of high-fat foods.CONCLUSION: Part of the process whereby a genetic risk of obesity is transmitted to the next generation could be through differences in diet and activity preferences, which would place susceptible individuals at risk of positive energy balance in the permissive nutritional environment of industrialised countries today.