Aquaporins and Brain Tumors.
Aquaporins and Brain Tumors.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms17071029
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发表时间：
2016-06-29
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Di Liegro I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maugeri R;Schiera G;Di Liegro CM;Fricano A;Iacopino DG;Di Liegro I
脑原发肿瘤是人类最多样和最复杂的癌症之一，通常根据细胞类型和/或恶性程度进行分类(最恶性的是多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)，IV级)。胶质瘤细胞能够通过诱导脑内毛细血管内皮细胞增殖，在整个大脑中迁移并刺激血管生成。这反过来会导致紧密连接的丧失和血脑屏障的脆弱性，从而变得漏水。因此，胶质母细胞瘤最严重的临床并发症是血管源性脑水肿。胶质瘤细胞的迁移和水肿都与不同亚型的水通道蛋白(AQPs)的表达/定位改变有关，AQPs是一类水通道，其中一些还参与甘油和尿素等其他小分子的运输。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了AQPs的表达/定位与脑肿瘤/脑水肿之间的关系，并重点讨论了这些分子作为癌症进展的诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的可能作用。最后，我们将讨论AQPs与其他促癌因子通过细胞外小泡(EVS)在脑细胞之间交换的可能性。
Brain primary tumors are among the most diverse and complex human cancers, and they are normally classified on the basis of the cell-type and/or the grade of malignancy (the most malignant being glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), grade IV). Glioma cells are able to migrate throughout the brain and to stimulate angiogenesis, by inducing brain capillary endothelial cell proliferation. This in turn causes loss of tight junctions and fragility of the blood–brain barrier, which becomes leaky. As a consequence, the most serious clinical complication of glioblastoma is the vasogenic brain edema. Both glioma cell migration and edema have been correlated with modification of the expression/localization of different isoforms of aquaporins (AQPs), a family of water channels, some of which are also involved in the transport of other small molecules, such as glycerol and urea. In this review, we discuss relationships among expression/localization of AQPs and brain tumors/edema, also focusing on the possible role of these molecules as both diagnostic biomarkers of cancer progression, and therapeutic targets. Finally, we will discuss the possibility that AQPs, together with other cancer promoting factors, can be exchanged among brain cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs).