Food transfer between mother and infant chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania
Food transfer between mother and infant chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania
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坦桑尼亚马哈勒山国家公园的母猩猩和幼猩猩之间的食物转移
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Linda A. Turner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toshisada Nishida;Linda A. Turner
我们在坦桑尼亚的马哈尔山国家公园研究了黑猩猩母亲和婴儿之间的食物传递。婴儿乞讨食物的比率在出生后的第二年急剧上升，然后逐渐下降，到第七年几乎消失。食物分享的个体发生模式与恳求的模式完全一致，因为母亲只有在婴儿要求时才会分享食物。然而，不同年龄段的征募成功率并没有出现极端的变化。难以处理的食物更常被分享，因为婴儿更有可能需要这些食物。我们将食物回收定义为婴儿对母亲丢弃的剩菜的回收。取回的食物类型通常是那些难以处理的食物，也可能是母亲们分享的食物。然而，婴儿倾向于要求小的、难吃的食物来分享，而他们经常会取回大的、难吃的食物。食物分享和食物检索的功能在于婴儿学习自己不容易获得或加工的食物类型。在整个婴儿期，母亲和婴儿之间对食物的竞争水平一直很低。我们注意到婴儿被母亲取代的食物没有特别的特征。随着婴儿年龄的增长，他们与母亲之间的距离越来越远，变得更具攻击性。
We studied food transfer between chimpanzee mothers and infants in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. The rate of infant solicitation for food dramatically increased in the second year of life, then gradually decreased and, in the seventh year, virtually disappeared. The pattern of the ontogeny of food sharing precisely followed that of solicitation because mothers shared food only when requested to do so by their infants. The success rate of solicitation, however, did not display extreme changes across ages. Food that was difficult to process was shared more frequently because it was more likely to be demanded by infants. We defined food retrieval as an infant’s recovery of leftovers discarded by its mother. Food types retrieved were often those that are difficult to process and were also likely to be shared by mothers. However, infants tended to solicit small, difficult food types for sharing while they often retrieved the remains of large, difficult food types. The function of food sharing and food retrieval lies in an infant’s learning food types that it cannot easily obtain or process by itself. The level of competition for food between mothers and infants remained low throughout infancy. We noted no particular characteristic about foods from which infants were displaced by mothers. As infants grew older, they increased the distance between themselves and mothers that became more aggressive.