Monitoring of herbal mixtures potentially containing synthetic cannabinoids as psychoactive compounds
Monitoring of herbal mixtures potentially containing synthetic cannabinoids as psychoactive compounds
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DOI：
10.1002/jms.1811
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Auwaerter, Volker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dresen, Sebastian;Ferreiros, Nerea;Auwaerter, Volker
自2004年以来，具有潜在生物活性成分的“香料”等草药混合物在许多欧洲国家都可以买到，并且仍然被广泛用作大麻的替代品，尽管商品名为“草药香”。在2008年获得高度普及后，这些药物被大量出售。2008年12月，在未被宣布为成分的混合物中发现了合成大麻素：非经典大麻素CP-47，497的C-8同系物（CP-47，497-C8）和称为JWH-018的大麻模拟物氨基烷基吲哚。2009年2月，在德国立法对这些化合物和CP-47，497的其他具有生物活性的同系物进行控制的几周后，另一种大麻素出现在“香”产品中：氨基烷基吲哚JWH-073。本文介绍了2008年6月至2009年9月市售“香”产品的监测结果。在这段时间内，分析了140多个草药混合物样品的生物活性成分，特别是合成大麻模拟物质。结果表明，作为对禁止和起诉转售商的反应，许多产品的成分随着时间的推移而反复变化。因此，无论是商家还是这些混合物的消费者都无法预测“香”产品的实际含量。只要受管制物质立法中没有通用定义的可能性，一旦采取下一个法律的步骤，市场上就会出现更多的设计师大麻素。最近对氨基烷基吲哚JWH-250和JWH-398的鉴定证实了这一点。由于预计在不久的将来会出现更多的大麻素，因此需要对这些草药混合物进行持续监测。在宣称含有“kratom”的草药混合物中鉴定出合成阿片类药物O-去甲基曲马多，证明了销售含有潜在危险的合成化学品/药物的明显天然产品的概念是“法律的高点”市场上的持续趋势。版权所有（C）2010约翰威利父子有限公司
Herbal mixtures like 'Spice' with potentially bioactive ingredients were available in many European countries since 2004 and are still widely used as a substitute for cannabis, although merchandized as 'herbal incense'. After gaining a high degree of popularity in 2008, big quantities of these drugs were sold. In December 2008, synthetic cannabinoids were identified in the mixtures which were not declared as ingredients: the C-8 homolog of the non-classical cannabinoid CP-47,497 (CP-47,497-C8) and a cannabimimetic aminoalkylindole called JWH-018. In February 2009, a few weeks after the German legislation put these compounds and further pharmacologically active homologs of CP-47,497 under control, another cannabinoid appeared in 'incense' products: the aminoalkylindole JWH-073.In this paper, the results of monitoring of commercially available 'incense' products from June 2008 to September 2009 are presented. In this period of time, more than 140 samples of herbal mixtures were analyzed for bioactive ingredients and synthetic cannabimimetic substances in particular. The results show that the composition of many products changed repeatedly over time as a reaction to prohibition and prosecution of resellers. Therefore neither the reseller nor the consumer of these mixtures can predict the actual content of the 'incense' products. As long as there is no possibility of generic definitions in the controlled substances legislation, further designer cannabinoids will appear on the market as soon as the next legal step has been taken. This is affirmed by the recent identification of the aminoalkylindoles JWH-250 and JWH-398. As further cannabinoids can be expected to occur in the near future, a continuous monitoring of these herbal mixtures is required.The identification of the synthetic opioid O-desmethyltramadol in a herbal mixture declared to contain 'kratom' proves that the concept of selling apparently natural products spiked with potentially dangerous synthetic chemicals/pharmaceuticals is a continuing trend on the market of 'legal highs'. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.