Transformative Deliberations: Participatory Budgeting in the United States
Transformative Deliberations: Participatory Budgeting in the United States
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变革性审议：美国的参与式预算
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
H. Gilman
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作者：
H. Gilman
本文开发了两个概念模型，基于经验数据，评估审议和决策在美国采用的协商性辩论（PB）。第一个模型是面向结果的，而第二个模型是面向过程的。这两种模式显示了包容性和效率之间的紧张关系，出现了美国PB试图适应改善短期服务提供和民主深化的双重目标。每种模型都能更好地满足其中一个目标。以结果为导向的审议在产生可行的项目方面更有效，而以过程为导向的审议则更能确保所有参与者的声音都能被听到。变异表明，在PBNYC的决策超出了公民的能力，使集体决策与理性的话语。相反，地区宪法的结构性条件，官僚的限制，和调解人的技能影响决策。
This article develops two conceptual models, based on empirical data, for assessing deliberation and decision making within United States adoptions of Participatory Budgeting (PB). The first model is results oriented whereas the second model is process oriented. The two models evince the tension between inclusiveness and efficiency that emerge as U.S. PB tries accommodating the dual goals of improved short-term service delivery and democratic deepening. Each model satisfies one of these deliberate goals better. Results oriented deliberation is more effective at producing viable projects whereas process oriented is better at ensuring that all participants’ voices are heard. Variation suggests that decision-making in PBNYC exceeds citizens’ ability to make collective decisions with rational discourse. Rather, the structural conditions of district constitution, bureaucratic constraints, and facilitator skill impacted decision-making.