Govemmentality, calculation, territory
Govemmentality, calculation, territory
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DOI：
10.1068/d428t
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Elden, Stuart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elden, Stuart
在本文中，我将讨论福柯最近出版的两门课程：《安全、领土、人口》和《生命政治的新生》。福柯指出，他从政府理性的历史角度，考虑到社会、经济、人口、安全和自由，对现代国家及其不同机构进行了谱系研究。在第一节课的第四节“治理”课上，福柯说这一系列的题目——即安全、领土、人口——变成了“安全、人口、政府”。换句话说，领土被移除，政府被附加。然而，领土问题不断出现，却一再被边缘化、黯然失色和低估。本课程的一个重点是计算的政治，福柯通过政治算术、人口统计和政治经济学的发展来讨论这个问题。我明确地挑战福柯对马基雅维利和威斯特伐利亚和约的解读，我认为领土战略本身应该被解读为计算性的，同样的机制也适用于这里的人口。因此，我将讨论福柯关于政治经济学、警察和计算的讨论如何有助于思考领土概念的历史。
In this paper I discuss Foucault's two recently published courses, Securite, Territoire, Population and Naissance de la Biopolitique. Foucault notes that he has undertaken a genealogy of the modern state and its different apparatuses from the perspective of a history of governmental reason, taking into account society, economy, population, security, and liberty. In the "Governmentality" lecture-the fourth of the first course-Foucault says that the series of the title-that is, security, territory, population-becomes "security, population, government". In other words, territory is removed and government appended. And, yet, the issue of territory continually emerges only to be repeatedly marginalised, eclipsed, and underplayed. A key concern of the course is the politics of calculation which Foucault discusses through the development of political arithmetic, population statistics, and political economy. Explicitly challenging Foucault's readings of Machiavelli and the Peace of Westphalia, I argue that territorial strategies should themselves be read as calculative, with the same kinds of mechanisms brought to bear on populations applied here too. I therefore discuss how Foucault's discussions of political economy, the police, and calculation are useful in thinking the history of the concept of territory.