Coastal risk adaptation: the potential role of accessible geospatial Big Data
Coastal risk adaptation: the potential role of accessible geospatial Big Data
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.marpol.2017.05.032
复制
发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Alexander G. Rumson;S. Hallett;T. Brewer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander G. Rumson;S. Hallett;T. Brewer
越来越多的人生活在沿海地区并使用沿海地区。再加上普遍存在的沿海威胁，如洪水和侵蚀，这对沿海人口、基础设施和生态系统产生了广泛的影响。为了采取正确的适应性战略，并作出规划决策，需要对可用的备选方案进行严格评估。这项评估取决于适当数据集的可用性和使用情况。为了从沿海数据集获得知识，需要以有效的方式合并和分析这些数据。本文回顾了大量与数据驱动的沿海风险评估方法有关的文献，揭示了由于计算能力和数据获取的限制，这些方法中的许多方法如何受到限制。快速崛起的“大数据”领域可以帮助克服其中的许多障碍。“大数据”涉及强大的计算机基础设施，能够以快速可靠的方式存储、处理和实时分析海量和各种数据。通过考虑“大数据”技术如何应用于与沿海风险相关的领域的例子，可以明显看出，地理空间大数据解决方案在改进沿海基于风险的决策过程方面具有明显的潜力。“大数据”并没有为本文概述的问题和差距提供独立的解决方案，但这些技术方法有可能优化数据驱动的方法，使沿海地区能够生成稳健的风险概况。
Increasing numbers of people are living in and using coastal areas. Combined with the presence of pervasive coastal threats, such as flooding and erosion, this is having widespread impacts on coastal populations, infrastructure and ecosystems. For the right adaptive strategies to be adopted, and planning decisions to be made, rigorous evaluation of the available options is required. This evaluation hinges on the availability and use of suitable datasets. For knowledge to be derived from coastal datasets, such data needs to be combined and analysed in an effective manner. This paper reviews a wide range of literature relating to data-driven approaches to coastal risk evaluation, revealing how limitations have been imposed on many of these methods, due to restrictions in computing power and access to data. The rapidly emerging field of ‘Big Data’ can help overcome many of these hurdles. ‘Big Data’ involves powerful computer infrastructures, enabling storage, processing and real-time analysis of large volumes and varieties of data, in a fast and reliable manner. Through consideration of examples of how ‘Big Data’ technologies are being applied to fields related to coastal risk, it becomes apparent that geospatial Big Data solutions hold clear potential to improve the process of risk based decision making on the coast. ‘Big Data’ does not provide a stand-alone solution to the issues and gaps outlined in this paper, yet these technological methods hold the potential to optimise data-driven approaches, enabling robust risk profiles to be generated for coastal regions.