Effects of different sulphur amino acids and dietary electrolyte balance levels on performance, jejunal morphology, and immunocompetence of broiler chicks.
Effects of different sulphur amino acids and dietary electrolyte balance levels on performance, jejunal morphology, and immunocompetence of broiler chicks.
复制标题
不同含硫氨基酸和日粮电解质平衡水平对肉鸡生产性能、空肠形态和免疫能力的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/jpn.12316
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
E. Jahanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Nikoofard;A. Mahdavi;A. Samie;E. Jahanian
由于日粮电解质平衡(DEB)的改变可以通过改变离子的形态、性能和免疫反应来影响氨基酸的代谢，从而影响肉鸡的免疫反应。因此，本研究旨在研究不同硫代氨基酸水平(SAA和DEB)对肉鸡生产性能、空肠形态和免疫功能的影响。将360只1日龄罗斯308公鸡随机分为9个处理，每个处理4个重复，每个重复10只鸡。试验处理包括三个水平的SAA(在相同半胱氨酸水平的日粮中添加蛋氨酸，提供NRC推荐值的100、110和120%)和三个水平的DEB(150、250和350mEq/kg)，在整个试验过程中按3×3因子安排饲喂。结果表明，随着蛋氨酸水平的提高，肠脂肪和腹脂的相对重量显著降低(p<；0.001)。单独或联合添加SAA或DEB对绵羊红细胞抗体效价均无影响。然而，DEB水平的降低导致异嗜性细胞的抑制(p<；0.05)和淋巴细胞计数的增加(p=0.06)；因此，随着DEB水平的降低，异嗜性细胞与淋巴细胞的比率显著降低(p<；0.05)。在日粮中添加至少10%的SAA(p<；0.001)和150mEq DEB/kg(p=0.11)后，白蛋白与球蛋白的比率增加。饲喂高水平DEB可显著降低空肠绒毛高度(p<；0.01)和杯状细胞数(p<；0.001)，但添加高水平的SAA可显著提高空肠绒毛高度。在整个试验期内，平均日采食量(ADFI)随着SAA水平的增加而增加(p<；0.05)。然而，添加150mEq/kg不仅显著提高了日增重和日增重(p<；0.0001)，而且在整个生长和整个试验期都提高了(p<；0.001)饲料转化率(Fcr)。结果表明，添加低DEB可降低异嗜性淋巴细胞比率，改善白蛋白/球蛋白比率和肠道健康指数。各SAA水平下，日粮中添加150mEq DEB/kg的生长性能最好。
As alterations of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) can influence amino acid metabolism via changes the ions incur in their configurations, performance and immunological responses of broiler chicks might be affected. So, the current study was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels of sulphur amino acids (SAA) and DEB on performance, jejunal morphology and immunocompetence of broiler chicks. A total of 360 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to nine experimental treatments with four replicates of 10 birds each. Experimental treatments consisted of three levels of SAA (100, 110, and 120% of NRC recommendation, provided by methionine supplementation in diets with the same cysteine level) and three levels of DEB (150, 250, and 350 mEq/kg) that were fed during the entire of trial in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Results showed that the relative weights of intestine and abdominal fat were decreased markedly (p < 0.001) with increasing levels of SAA and DEB respectively. Antibody titre against sheep red blood cell was neither individually nor in combination influenced by supplementation of SAA or DEB. Nevertheless, a decrease in DEB level led to a suppression in heterophile (p < 0.05) and an increase in lymphocyte counts (p = 0.06); consequently, heterophile to lymphocyte ratio was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by decremental levels of DEB. Albumin to globulin ratio was increased after inclusion of at least 10% SAA (p < 0.001) and 150 mEq DEB/kg in the diet (p = 0.11). Although feeding high-DEB level led to a remarkable decrease in villus height (p < 0.01) and goblet cell numbers (p < 0.001), supplementing the highest level of SAA improved the height of jejunal villus. During the entire trial period, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was increased by incremental SAA levels (p < 0.05). However, inclusion of 150 mEq/kg led to not only a remarkable increase (p < 0.0001) in both ADFI and average daily weight gain (ADWG) but also to improved (p < 0.001) feed conversion ratio (FCR) both during the growing and over the entire trial periods. The present findings indicated that inclusion of low DEB decreased the heterophile to lymphocyte ratio and improved both the albumin to globulin ratio and intestinal health indices. The best growth performance was obtained with 150 mEq DEB/kg in the diet for each level of SAA.