Potential fragmentation and loss of thermal habitats for charrs in the Japanese archipelago due to climatic warming
Potential fragmentation and loss of thermal habitats for charrs in the Japanese archipelago due to climatic warming
复制标题
由于气候变暖，日本列岛红点鲑热栖息地可能出现破碎化和丧失
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2427.1996.d01-516.x
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
K. Maekawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Nakano;Fumiaki Kitano;K. Maekawa
1.本文对两种红点鲑（Dolly Varden，Salvelinus malma）和白斑红点鲑（S. leucomaenis，在日本列岛的溪流进行了检查，使用地下水温度作为热条件的指标。根据8 ° C和16 °C的地下水等温线，分别划定了多莉瓦登和白斑红点鲑的海拔分布下限。
2.未来气候变暖的潜在影响的地理分布，栖息地的范围和人口碎片化的每一个物种进行了预测，在整个群岛和个人集水区的水平。
3.对于多莉·瓦尔登（Dolly Varden）来说，全群岛水平的分析表明，年平均气温每升高1、2、3和4 °C，当前地理范围将分别损失27.6%、67.2%、79.6%和89.6%。白斑红点鲑的分布面积也将分别减少4.1%、20.5%、33.8%和45.6%。
4.基于三个单独的集水区，一个多莉瓦登和两个白斑红点鲑，较低的栖息地边界的两个红点鲑物种的分析，预计将上升越来越多的海拔较高的每个集水区的变暖进行。因此，平均栖息地面积将大幅减少，栖息地破碎化程度增加，随后两个物种的局部灭绝。
1. The upper thermal limits of the present distributions of two charr species, Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, and white-spotted charr, S. leucomaenis, in streams of the Japanese archipelago were examined using groundwater temperature as an index of thermal condition. The lower limits of the altitudinal distributions of Dolly Varden and white-spotted charr were delineated, respectively, by 8 and 16 °C groundwater isotherms.
2. The potential impact of future climatic warming on the geographical distribution, habitat extent and population fragmentation of each species was predicted at both the full archipelago and individual catchment levels.
3. For Dolly Varden, analysis at the full archipelago level indicated a loss of 27.6, 67.2, 79.6 and 89.6% of the current geographical range, respectively, for a 1, 2, 3 and 4 °C increase in mean annual air temperature. The present distribution area of white-spotted charr would likewise reduce by 4.1, 20.5, 33.8 and 45.6%, respectively.
4. Based on the analyses of three individual catchments, one for Dolly Varden and two for white-spotted charr, the lower habitat boundaries for the two charr species could be expected to rise increasingly to higher elevations in each catchment as warming proceeded. As a consequence, there would be large reductions in mean habitat area, with increasing habitat fragmentation followed by localized extinctions of the two species.