Differential changes in steroid hormones before competition in bonobos and chimpanzees
Differential changes in steroid hormones before competition in bonobos and chimpanzees
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倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩在比赛前类固醇激素的差异变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
P. Ellison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Victoria Wobber;Brian A. Hare;Jean Maboto;S. Lipson;R. Wrangham;P. Ellison
大量的研究表明，物种和个体之间竞争行为的差异与生理变化有关。特别是，在竞争过程中睾酮和皮质醇的快速变化根据个人或物种对竞争的心理和行为反应而有所不同。这表明，在竞争中存在行为差异的物种对之间，围绕竞争的内分泌变化也应该存在差异。我们通过向人类的近亲黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）和倭黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）展示二元食物竞争并测量其唾液睾酮和皮质醇水平来验证这一假设。考虑到黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩在食物分享行为上的显著差异，我们预测它们在快速内分泌变化方面也会有所不同。我们发现，在这两个物种中，男性表现出预期减少（相对于基线）类固醇时，与合作伙伴的情况下，两个人分享食物，和预期增加时，与合作伙伴的情况下，其中占主导地位的个人获得更多的食物。然而，不同的物种在哪种激素受到影响方面有所不同;在倭黑猩猩雄性中，皮质醇发生了变化，而在黑猩猩雄性中，睾丸激素发生了变化。因此，在预期一个相同的竞争，倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩男性表现出不同的内分泌变化，可能是由于在感知的情况下，也就是说，观看事件作为一个压力或优势竞争的差异。反过来，人类进化中常见的选择压力可能会影响我们竞争行为的心理学和内分泌学。
A large body of research has demonstrated that variation in competitive behavior across species and individuals is linked to variation in physiology. In particular, rapid changes in testosterone and cortisol during competition differ according to an individual's or species’ psychological and behavioral responses to competition. This suggests that among pairs of species in which there are behavioral differences in competition, there should also be differences in the endocrine shifts surrounding competition. We tested this hypothesis by presenting humans’ closest living relatives, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus), with a dyadic food competition and measuring their salivary testosterone and cortisol levels. Given that chimpanzees and bonobos differ markedly in their food-sharing behavior, we predicted that they would differ in their rapid endocrine shifts. We found that in both species, males showed an anticipatory decrease (relative to baseline) in steroids when placed with a partner in a situation in which the two individuals shared food, and an anticipatory increase when placed with a partner in a situation in which the dominant individual obtained more food. The species differed, however, in terms of which hormone was affected; in bonobo males the shifts occurred in cortisol, whereas in chimpanzee males the shifts occurred in testosterone. Thus, in anticipation of an identical competition, bonobo and chimpanzee males showed differential endocrine shifts, perhaps due to differences in perception of the situation, that is, viewing the event either as a stressor or a dominance contest. In turn, common selection pressures in human evolution may have acted on the psychology and the endocrinology of our competitive behavior.
唾液皮质醇作为幼儿园期间社会情绪调整的预测因子：一项前瞻性研究。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Smider,NA;Essex,MJ;Kalin,NH;Buss,KA;Klein,MH;Davidson,RJ;Goldsmith,HH
通讯作者：
Goldsmith,HH