Juvenile morphology in baleen whale phylogeny
Juvenile morphology in baleen whale phylogeny
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DOI：
10.1007/s00114-014-1216-9
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fordyce, R. Ewan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu;Fordyce, R. Ewan
系统发育重建对个体发育对形态的影响敏感。在这里，我们使用已知现存须鲸物种（鲸类：Mysticeti）的胎儿/新生儿标本来展示现有物种的幼年形态如何影响该物种的系统发育位置。在一个分支（塞鲸，须鲸科）中，幼体与成体通常的系统发育位置相距较远，但在另一分支（侏儒露脊鲸，鲸科）中，幼体与成体接近。所研究物种中不同的异时过程对幼体形态和系统发育位置有不同的影响。这项研究有助于了解须鲸进化中的进化过程和系统发育模式之间的关系，更一般地说，有助于了解系统发育和个体发育之间的关系；同样，这项研究提供了一种代理方法，当包含未成熟个体的化石时，如何解释系统发育。超形加速进化枝中的幼年个体会产生误导性的系统发育，而幼态幼态持续进化枝中的幼年个体仍应提供可靠的系统发育信号。
Phylogenetic reconstructions are sensitive to the influence of ontogeny on morphology. Here, we use foetal/neonatal specimens of known species of living baleen whales (Cetacea: Mysticeti) to show how juvenile morphology of extant species affects phylogenetic placement of the species. In one clade (sei whale, Balaenopteridae), the juvenile is distant from the usual phylogenetic position of adults, but in the other clade (pygmy right whale, Cetotheriidae), the juvenile is close to the adult. Different heterochronic processes at work in the studied species have different influences on juvenile morphology and on phylogenetic placement. This study helps to understand the relationship between evolutionary processes and phylogenetic patterns in baleen whale evolution and, more in general, between phylogeny and ontogeny; likewise, this study provides a proxy how to interpret the phylogeny when fossils that are immature individuals are included. Juvenile individuals in the peramorphic acceleration clades would produce misleading phylogenies, whereas juvenile individuals in the paedomorphic neoteny clades should still provide reliable phylogenetic signals.