Pre-anthesis development and number of fertile florets in wheat as affected by photoperiod sensitivity genes Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1
Pre-anthesis development and number of fertile florets in wheat as affected by photoperiod sensitivity genes Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-005-9021-3
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Miralles, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
González, FG;Slafer, GA;Miralles, DJ
延长小麦（Triticum aestivumL.）茎伸长的生殖后期（LRP），通过改变其光周期敏感性而不依赖于前一阶段，通过增加穗重和花期可育小花数来提高产量潜力。本文介绍了一项为期两年的田间试验的结果，该试验旨在确定ppd - d1和ppd - b1在LRP期间两个光周期（自然和延长6小时）下对(i)花前三个发育阶段的持续时间，以及（ii）花时穗重和可育小花数量的影响。采用麦西亚近等基因系和小山羊单染色体重组系。在自然光周期下，ppd - d1通过减少花前三个阶段中的每一个，使两种背景下的开花时间缩短了约500℃。ppd - b1在自然光周期下的开花时间缩短了178℃/ d，主要是通过减少早期繁殖阶段来实现的。延长日照条件下，LRP对光周期的响应取决于存在的Ppdlocus: ppd - d1不敏感，而ppd - b1和隐性对照敏感。在所有品系、光周期处理和年份中，可育小花数与花期穗干重呈显著正相关（R-2 = 80%, p < 0.01），与LRP期间累积的截获辐射呈显著正相关（R-2 = 45%, p < 0.05）。通过延长光周期或通过ppd - d1改变LRP的持续时间，在背景和年份中产生相似的结果。因此，通过控制光周期敏感性来改变LRP的持续时间可能是改变小麦可育小花数的一种替代方法。然而，由于没有特定的等位基因只在LRP期间负责光周期敏感性，因此需要研究新的等位基因来确定单个相的光周期敏感性控制，以微调小麦花前发育。
Lengthening the late reproductive phase (LRP) of stem elongation in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), by changing its photoperiod sensitivity independently of the preceding phases, would improve the yield potential through increasing spike weight and the number of fertile florets at anthesis. This paper presents results of a two-year field experiment designed to determine the impact of Ppd-D1and Ppd-B1on (i) the duration of three pre-anthesis developmental phases, and (ii) spike weight and the number of fertile florets at anthesis under two photoperiods during the LRP (natural and an extension of six hours over that). Near isogenic lines of Mercia and single chromosome recombinant lines of Cappelle Desprez were used. Under natural photoperiod, Ppd-D1hastened time to anthesis ca. 500 degrees C d in both backgrounds by reducing each of the three pre-anthesis phases. Ppd-B1hastened the time to anthesis under natural photoperiod by 178 degrees C d, mainly by reducing the early reproductive phase. The response to photoperiod of the LRP under extended daylength depended on the Ppdlocus present: Ppd-D1was insensitive while Ppd-B1and the recessive controls were sensitive. For all lines, photoperiod treatments and years, the number of fertile florets was associated with spike dry weight at anthesis (R-2 congruent to 80%, p < 0.01) which, in turn, was positively related to the intercepted radiation accumulated during the LRP (R-2 >= 45%, p < 0.05). Changing the duration of the LRP through extended photoperiod or through Ppd-D1produced similar results in both backgrounds and years. Thus, altering the duration of the LRP by manipulating photoperiod sensitivity may be an alternative to changing the fertile floret number in wheat. Nevertheless, as no particular allele was responsible for the photoperiod sensitivity only during the LRP, new alleles should be studied to identify the control of photoperiod sensitivity of individual phases to fine-tune the pre-anthesis wheat development.