Copy number variations in the amylase gene (AMY2B) in Japanese native dog breeds
Copy number variations in the amylase gene (AMY2B) in Japanese native dog breeds
复制标题
日本本土犬种淀粉酶基因 (AMY2B) 的拷贝数变异
作者：
Tonoike;A.;Hori;Y.;Inoue-Murayama;M.;Konno;A.;Fujita;K.;Miyado;M.;Fukami;M.;Nagasawa;M.;Mogi;K.;& Kikusui;T.
最近的一项研究表明，AMY2B基因拷贝数的增加可能是狗在驯化过程中发生的一个关键的遗传变化。要调查AMY2B扩增的古代品种，这是高度不同的现代品种的假定欧洲起源，我们分析了日本本土犬种的拷贝数。秋田和柴犬这两个日本的古老品种的基因拷贝数比狼的要高。然而，与一组各种现代品种相比，秋田犬的拷贝数较少，而柴犬则表现出与现代品种相同的扩张水平。有趣的是，绳纹柴犬的平均AMY2B拷贝数低于柴犬，绳纹柴犬是柴犬的一个独特品系，被饲养以保持其外观类似于日本本土犬的祖先，并且与秋田犬起源于同一地区。这些差异可能是由于芝的起源地区比秋田和绳纹芝的起源地区更早引入水稻种植而产生的。因此，我们的数据提供了深入了解农业和犬AMY2B扩增之间的关系。
A recent study suggested that increased copy numbers of theAMY2Bgene might be a crucial genetic change that occurred during the domestication of dogs. To investigateAMY2Bexpansion in ancient breeds, which are highly divergent from modern breeds of presumed European origins, we analysed copy numbers in native Japanese dog breeds. Copy numbers in the Akita and Shiba, two ancient breeds in Japan, were higher than those in wolves. However, compared to a group of various modern breeds, Akitas had fewer copy numbers, whereas Shibas exhibited the same level of expansion as modern breeds. Interestingly, averageAMY2Bcopy numbers in the Jomon‐Shiba, a unique line of the Shiba that has been bred to maintain their appearance resembling ancestors of native Japanese dogs and that originated in the same region as the Akita, were lower than those in the Shiba. These differences may have arisen from the earlier introduction of rice farming to the region in which the Shiba originated compared to the region in which the Akita and the Jomon‐Shiba originated. Thus, our data provide insights into the relationship between the introduction of agriculture andAMY2Bexpansion in dogs.